CYPRINID.il. CTPEININ-I!. 3.07 



353. (15.) Barbus tor. (Fig. 104.) 



Cyprinus tor, Ham. Buck. Fish. Ganges, p. 305. 

 Barbus tor, Day, Fish. India, p. 564 ; pi. cxxxvi, fig. 5, and pi. cxl, 

 fig. 1 (see synon.). 



Burapatra, Assam ; Poo-meen-candee, Tarn. ; Naharm, Hind. ; Kukhiah, 

 Pun.].; Joon-gah, Petiah, and Eurreah, Sind; Khadchi and Mdsta, Ma- 

 rathi ; Cooriah, Layl-cooriah or Leld, Ceylon. 



B. iii. D. 12 (3/9). P. 19. V. 9. A. 7-8 (2-3/5). L. 1. 25-27. 

 L. tr. 4/4. 



Length of head 4 to 5, height of body 4 3 to 5| in tbe total 

 length. Eyes diameter 6| to 7| in the length of the head in 

 moderately sized specimens, but much larger in the young (in 

 specimens 3-5 inches long being 3^ in the length of the head ; in 

 those 5 inches long 4|), 2 to 2| diameters from the end of snout, 

 and 2 apart. Lips thick, with an uninterrupted fold across the 

 lower jaw, and with both the upper and lower lips in some spe- 

 cimens produced in the mesial line. Barbels the maxillary pair 



Fig. 104. Barbus tor. 



longer than the rostral, and extending to below the last third of 

 the eye. Fins the dorsal arises opposite the ventral, and is three 

 fourths as high as the body; its last undivided ray is smooth, 

 osseous, strong, and of varying length and thickness. Himalayan, 

 Bengal, and Central Indian specimens generally have the spine 

 strong, and from one half to two thirds the length of the head, it 

 rarely exceeds this extent. In Canara, Malabar, and Southern 

 India, where the lips are largely developed, the spine is very much 

 stronger and as long as the head excluding the snout. Pectoral as 

 long as the head excluding the snout ; it reaches the ventral, which 

 is little shorter. Anal laid flat does not reach the base of the 

 caudal, which is deeply forked. Lateral line complete, 2 to 2| 

 rows of scales between it and the base of the ventral fin ; 9 rows 

 before the dorsal. Colour silvery or greenish along the upper 

 half of the body, becoming silvery shot with gold on the sides and 

 beneath. Lower fins reddish ellow. 



