INDEPENDENCE VERSUS DEPENDENCE 133 



with them so that both shall be partly employed and 

 partly unemployed. And many of the remedies for 

 unemployment, such as unemployment insurance, 

 however ingeniously they may be dressed up, are still 

 merely measures for supporting the unemployed. For 

 unemployment insurance is merely a device by which 

 contributions from those employed, from the em- 

 ployers, and from the government are doled out to 

 support those who are unemployed. 



My first point, therefore, is this: I am utterly op- 

 posed to all measures for relief which upon analysis 

 show themselves to be mere measures for supporting 

 the unemployed. I am opposed to them on three 

 grounds. 



First, because they are evasions of the problem of 

 the unemployed. They are not solutions of their prob- 

 lem. The public gives for relief, and the public pays 

 taxes for relief, and the public hopes, just like Mr. 

 Micawber, that "something will turn up" to end the 

 depression and that the problem will then vanish. 



Secondly, I am opposed to mere support of the un- 

 employed because of the financial drain which such 

 support inflicts upon their friends and relatives (to 

 whom they first turn) ; to the financial drain which it 

 puts upon industry to whatever extent industry and 

 commerce try to support them; and to the drain upon 

 taxpayers to whatever extent municipal, and state, 

 and national funds are used to support them. 



Finally, I am opposed to them because they are de- 

 moralizing to the unemployed. They break down 



