XANTHOXYLON. 



nant ulcers, both internally administered and externally applied. An 

 infusion reckoned antispasmodic. Tincture found by Dr. Gillespie, a 

 West India practitioner, to be a good febrifuge ; according to others 

 the decoction is antisiphilitic. 



446. X. alatum Roxb.fi. ind. iii. 768 Nepal and other moun- 

 tainous countries north of Bengal. 



Trunk short. Branches covered with dark brown bark, spotted with 

 small, scabrous, white dots. Prickles stipulary, straight, dark-coloured 

 and sharp. Leaves alternate, unequally pinnate, from 2 to 4 inches 

 long; leaflets from 3 to 13, 5or7 the most usual, opposite, sessile, 

 lanceolate, in young plants crenulate, pretty smooth on both sides, with 

 a few pellucid points containing a fragrant juice. Petioles winged. 

 Stipules 0. <J. Racemes axillary, often compound, shorter than 

 the leaves. Flowers minute, pale yellow. Calyx small, with from 6 to 

 8 acute divisions. Corolla 0. Filaments 6, 7, 8, much longer than 

 the calyx. A hemispherical gland, with 2 or 3 elevations in the centre, 

 like so many stigmas, in the room of the pistil. $ . Racemes as 

 in the male. Flowers very minute, greenish yellow. Calyx as in the 

 male. Corolla 0. Stamens 0. Ovaries as many as 5, 3 or 4 more 

 common, 1-celled, containing 2 ovules, attached to the top of the inner 

 angle of the cell. Styles single, shorter than the ovary. Capsules ], 

 2, or 3, roundish, reniform, or ovate, of the size of a small pea when 

 recent, when dry wrinkled, and much smaller, short-pedicelled, 1-celled, 

 2-valved, opening round the apex. All parts of the plant aromatic 

 and pungent. Seeds used medicinally by the natives. Roxb. 



447- Z. piiperhumDC.prodr. i. 725. Fagara piperita Linn, 

 sp. 172. (Kcempf. t. 893.) Japan (Seo and Sansjo). 



A prickly shrub. Leaves unequally pinnated, in 4-5 pairs : leaflets 

 ovate-oblong, crenated. Petiole somewhat winged, jointed. Prickles 

 erect, short, stiff, brown, in the place of stipules. Cymes few-flowered, 

 terminal. Flowers greenish, the size of coriander seeds. Capsules 

 the size of pepper-corns, roundish, finely tuberculated, brown when 

 ripe. Seeds black, shining, solitary, insipid. A powerful aromatic, 

 used by the Japanese as a condiment in the room of Ginger or Pepper. 

 The active principle chiefly in the fresh leaves, the dry bark and the 

 pericarp. The doctors of the country apply a poultice made of the 

 bruised leaves and rice flour to sore throats. 



TODDALIA. 



Flowers unisexual. Calyx short, 4-5-toothed. Petals 4-5, 

 longer than the calyx, spreading. $ . Stamens 4-5, longer 

 than the petals, inserted round the base of the gynophore (recep- 

 tacle.) Pistil rudimentary, prism-shaped, 5-angled. $> . Fila- 

 ments 5, sterile, very short. Gj'nophore short, 5-furrowed, 

 gland-like. Ovary 1, ovoid, fleshy, 5 (or fewer?) celled: 

 ovules 2 in each cell, superposed. Stigma nearly sessile, pel- 

 tately 5-lobed. Fruit fleshy, dotted, 2 ?-5-celled (some of the 

 cells occasionally abortive). Seed solitary in each cell, some- 

 what angled-reniform. Embryo curved Shrubs. Leaves 



alternate, digitately trifoliate, more or less pellucid-dotted, 

 217 



