deciduous ; stigmas simple. Achenia ovate, compressed, hairy, 

 each with a long lateral tail, formed of the enlarged, hardened, 

 lower part of the style, terminating in a hook. Receptacle cy- 

 lindrical, dry, hairy, seated on the permanent reflexed calyx. 

 Smith. 



457. G. rivale Linn, sp. pi- 717. Eng. Bot. t. 106. Smith 

 Eng.fl. ii. 430. DC. prodr. ii. 551 . Meadows and woods 

 throughout Europe. 



Root somewhat woody, blackish, creeping, and running deep into 

 the ground; astringent, with the flavour of cloves. Herbage hairy, 

 deep green. Stem 8 to 12 inches high, slightly panicled, otherwise 

 simple. Radical leaves stalked ; their terminal lobe very large, rounded, 

 lobed, and sharply crenate ; stem-leaves few, stalked, ternate or 3- 

 lobed; stipules of the latter ovate, acute, cut, purplish. Flowers 

 almost pendulous, singularly elegant, growing upright as the fruit ripens. 

 Calyx of a rich purplish brown, erect; subsequently reflexed. Petiole 

 erect, cloven, of a tawny brown. Smith. This and the next are 

 stomachic, and said to be useful medicines in diarrhoea. 



458. G. urbanum Linn. sp. pi. 716. Eng. Bot. t. 1400. 

 Woddv. t. 259. Smith Eng. fl. ii. 429. DC. prodr. ii. 551. 

 S. and C. i. t. 36. Common in hedgerows and woods through- 

 out Europe. (Avens. Herb Bennet.) 



Root of many stout brown fibres, astringent, and in some degree 

 aromatic, said to give an agreeable clove-like flavour to beer, and even 

 to wine. Stem 2 feet high, erect, round, rough and finely hairy; 

 branched at the upper part, bearing several flowers. Radical leaves on 

 long stalks, interruptedly pinnate, somewhat lyrate, the odd leaflet 

 rounded, often deeply 3-lobed; stem-leaves ternate, stalked; upper 

 simple, 3-lobed, wedge-shaped ; all variously notched and serrated, 

 grass-green, veiny, hairy. Stipules of the stem-leaves very large, 

 rounded, lobed, serrated, leafy. Flowers terminal, solitary, stalked ; 

 commonly small, bright yellow, erect. Calyx spreading, reflexed as the 

 fruit advances. Achenia in an ovate head, numerous, ovate, downy, 

 besides a few long coarse hairs about the summit, each tipped with a 

 rigid, purplish, deflexed awn or tail, which is quite smooth, ending in a 

 small sharp hook. Smith. 



459. Geum canadense Jacq. hort. ii. 1. 175? (Chocolate Root, 

 Blood Root.) 



Root principally, but leaves also, employed in Prince Edward's 

 Island as a mild tonic. It is agreeably bitter and is found particularly 

 useful in the diarrhoea of children. Med. bot. trans. 1829. p. 8. 



AGRIMONIA. 



Calyx inferior, tubular, permanent, with 5 small, acute, per- 

 manent marginal segments ; the tube subsequently hardened, 

 closed over the seeds and burred with hooks. Petals 5, flat, 

 spreading, notched, each with a small narrow claw attached to 

 the rim of the calyx. Filaments capillary, from the rim of 

 the calyx, shorter than the corolla, indeterminate in number, 



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