ROSA. 



Calyx inferior, tubular, contracted at the summit, permanent, 

 finally succulent ; limb in 5, deep, ovate-lanceolate, pointed, con- 

 cave, imbricated, permanent or deciduous segments ; either all 

 simple, or 2 of them more or less pinnate. Petals 5, inversely 

 heart-shaped, about as long as the segments of the calyx, and 

 attached by broad claws to the rim of its tube, deciduous. Fila- 

 ments numerous, capillary, much shorter than the petals, from 

 the rim of the calyx within the corolla. Carpels numerous, ob- 

 long, lining the tube of the calyx, interspersed with dense silky 

 hairs; styles 1 to each, lateral, smooth or hairy, all passing 

 through the contracted mouth of the calyx ; in some cases united 

 into a cylinder ; stigmas obtuse. Fruit globular or ovate, formed 

 of the permanent, pulpy, coloured tube of the calyx, closed at 

 the summit, and containing numerous, oblong, angular, hard, 

 bristly achenia, interspersed with rigid hairs. Shrubs with 

 pinnated leaves and large showy flowers. 



4-62. R. canina Linn. sp. 704. Lindl. man. ros. 98. Woodv. 

 t. 139. S. and C. ii. t. 100. Eng. Bot.it. 992, 2367. Common 

 all over Europe and the North of Asia. 



A soft branched smooth bush, with long green curved rootshoots, 

 covered with equal hooked prickles, without any intermixture of setae. 

 Leaflets ovate, firm, without glandular pubescence, serrated, with con- 

 verging teeth. Flowers with leafy bracts. Sepals partly pinnated, 

 usually naked as well as the tube of the calyx. Petals white or pink, 

 Throat of the calyx thick and quite closed up. Fruit red, succulent, 

 truncated in consequence of the fall of the sepals. From the pulpy 

 fruit of this and probably other allied species the officinal conserve of 

 Roses is prepared. 



463. R. centifolia Linn. sp. 704. Lindl. mon. ros. 64. Re- 

 dout, ros. i. tt. 1. 7. 26. &c. R. provincial Mill. diet. No. 18. 

 Woods in the eastern parts of the Caucasus. 



An erect bush, with the branches pretty closely covered with prickles 

 and glandular bristles of different forms and sizes ; the large ones falcate. 

 Shoots erect. Leaflets oblong or ovate, rugose, fringed with glands. 

 Flowers several together, large, drooping, with leafy bracts. Sepals 

 leafy, compound, viscid. Fruit oblong. The petals are collected for 

 the distillation of Rose water ; they are laxative and used in infantile 

 diseases. 



464. R. gallica Linn. sp. 704. Lindl. mon. ros. 68. Redout, 

 ros. tt. 25. 52. &c. R. pumila Linn, suppl. 262. Jcwq.jl. austr. 

 t. 198. Hedges and thickets in various parts of Austria, and 

 the Crimea, &c. 



A dwarfish stiff short-branched bush, with the shoots armed with 

 nearly equal uniform prickles and glandular bristles intermixed. Leaflets 

 stiffj elliptical, rugose. Flowers several, together, large erect, with leafy 

 bracts. Sepals ovate, leafy, compound. Fruit oblong. The petals 

 are astringent and tonic, and are dried for various officinal preparations. 



228 



