CINCHONA. 



smooth or hairy there; the uppermost, at the base of the inflores- 

 cence, shorter and blunter. Panicle loose, terminal, leafless with the 

 upper divisions downy. Flowers the smallest in the genus except 

 C. lancifolia. Calyx tomentose all over, with a short 5-toothed limb, 

 scarcely at all altering in the fruit. Corolla tomentose, woolly inside 

 the limb. I have seen only two certain specimens of this very distinct 

 and well-marked species; one in the Lambertian Herbarium and one in 

 my own, gathered in Peru by Mathews (No. 1953.). There is in the 

 former collection a second specimen from Pavon, marked C. micrantha, 

 with obovate leaves and a small compact thyrse of flowers ; but it is too 

 imperfect to be determined satisfactorily. C. scrobiculata of Humboldt 

 and Bonpland is unquestionably the true C. micrantha, -which those 

 Botanists might well suppose to be a distinct species if they judged 

 from the imperfect description and uncharacteristic figure of the latter 

 in the Flora Peruviana. Both Humboldt and Bonpland and Ruiz and 

 Pavon state that this is commonly called CascarUlafina. The former 

 say that of all the species of Quina inhabiting the province of Jaen de 

 Bracamoros it is the most common and most esteemed. The inha- 

 bitants of the town of Jaen, collect annually a great quantity of the 

 bark which they send to the town of Picera, whence it is shipped to 

 Lima. Ruiz, in his MSS., admits its excellence, but declares that it 

 is never found alone in commerce ; it is always mixed by the traders of 

 the Provinces ofPanatahuas, Huamalies andHuanuco with other species 

 It is sometimes called Casc.fina de Chicoplaya. According to Poppig, 

 who calls it Cascartila provinciana, the trees are of considerable circum- 

 ference, and will frequently yield each 8 to 10 arrobas of dry bark; 

 3 kinds of it are known in commerce, one of which called Pata de Gal- 

 linazo is peeled from the young and upper branches. " Formerly the 

 foreign merchants were prejudiced in its favour, and considered this as 

 a fine sort, contrary to the opinion generally received in Peru. Pro- 

 bably the thinness and less woody texture of the rind, with the difficulty 

 of procuring it in large quantities, occasioned the former idea. Its 

 name, which signifies claw of the Black Vulture (Vultur Aura Linn.), 

 arises from the blackish and radiated appearance caused by some species 

 of Graphis, which generally grows upon it : the Pata de Gallareta 

 mentioned by Ruiz and Pavon, the produce of Cinchona ovata, 

 does not grow about Cnchero.". M. Reichel, who compared Poppig's 

 specimens with those of Bergen, ascertained that Case, provinciana is 

 the Huanuco bark of commerce, and that the Pata de Gallinazo forms a 

 small portion of the so called Lima Bark of commerce. It is therefore 

 the origin of the Silver or Grey Cinchona of English commerce. 



830. C. nitida Fl. Peruv. ii. 50. 1. 191. Cascarillo officinal 

 Ruiz quinol. p. 56. Lofty mountains of the Andes in groves 

 in cold situations near Pampamarca, Chacahuassi, Casapi, Casa- 

 pillo, Cayumba, Sapan, Cuchero, and other districts ; also on 

 mountains in the provinces of Huamalies, Tarma and Xauxa 

 R. and P. ? Cuchero, Poppig. 



Every part of the foliage and branches perfectly smooth. Leaves 

 thin, obovate-lanceolate, acute, slightly shining, tapering very regularly 

 and gradually into the petiole which is sometimes winged by it almost to 

 its base ; with deep ciliated pits in the axils of the principal veins on the 

 under side. Branches of inflorescence almost entirely smooth, except 

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