ANTHEMIS. 



cated, in a few rows. Arms of the style without appendages at 

 the apex. Achsenium tapering or obtusely 4-cornered, striated 

 or smooth. Pappus either wanting, or a very short entire or 

 halved membrane, sometimes auriculate at the inside. DC. 



925. A. nobilisZmw. sp. pi. 1260. Eng. Bot. t. 980. Woodv. 

 1. 103. Smith Eng. Fl. iii. 456. DC.prodr. vi. 6. A. odo- 

 rata Lam.fl.fr. ii. 163. Chamaemelum nobile All. ped. n. 673. 

 Meadows, commons and fields in many parts of Europe. 

 (Chamomile.) 



Roots strong, with long fibres. Stems in a wild state prostrate, in 

 gardens more upright, a span long, branched, leafy, hollow, round, 

 furrowed, downy. Leaves doubly pinnate, with narrow linear seg- 

 ments, not truly thread-shaped or cylindrical, but rather flat or chan- 

 nelled above, convex beneath ; all acute, often bristle-pointed, a little 

 hairy. Flower-heads terminal, solitary, rather larger than a daisy, with 

 a convex yellow disk, and numerous white, spreading or reflexed, rays. 

 The scales of the receptacle do not appear till the florets of the disk 

 are turned to one side, and the innermost are gradually narrowest ; all 

 thin and membranous, not sharp. Involucre with shining membranous- 

 bordered scales, rather downy. Receptacle obtusely conical. Achaenia 

 very obscurely bordered at the summit. Smith. Chamomile heads, 

 in the shops called flowers, contain a volatile oil, resin, and bitter ex- 

 tractive. The oil and resin render them stimulant, while the bitter 

 extractive communicates tonic properties. The warm infusion is used 

 externally as a fomentation and internally to promote vomiting. The 

 cold infusion or the extract is taken as a tonic in any cases in which 

 tonic substances are indicated, as dyspepsia. Pereira. Chamomile, in 

 substance, has in some instances proved useful in the treatment of 

 intermittents. Dr. Schall affirms that it is not only an effectual pre- 

 ventative of nightmare, but the sole certain remedy for that complaint. 

 Burnett. 



MARUTA. 



Heads many-flowered, heterogamous. Florets of the ray ligu- 

 late, neuter, without any trace of sex ; of the disk 5-toothed, <. 

 Receptacle conical or convex, all or in part covered with paleae 

 between the flowers. Involucre hemispherical, shorter than the 

 disk, in a few rows. Tube of corolla flat, obcompressed, 2-winged, 

 without appendage at the base ; that of the ray continuous with 

 the sterile ovary, and with an oblong ray. Style of the disk 

 with branches destitute of appendages. Achaenium costate, 

 smooth, bald, with a small epigynous disk, and a terminal areola. 

 DC. 



926. M. Cotula DC. prodr. vi.13. Anthemis Cotula Linn. 

 sp.pl. 1261. Eng. Bot. t. 1772. Fl Lond. t. 61. Smith Eng. 

 Fl. iii. 4-58. A. foetida Lam.fl.fr. ii. 164. Chamaemelum Co- 

 tula AIL pedem. No. 676. Maruta vulgaris Bluff and Fingerlifl. 



germ. ii. 392. M. fcetida Cass. diet. xxix. t. 174 Fields and 



waste places all over Europe ; also Persia, the Crimea, Barbary, 

 459 



