CLADONIA. 



cumference, free beneath in the centre, the sides reflexed, uni- 

 form within. 



1340. C. sanguinea Martins ic. plant, crypt, xxix. t. 11. f. 1. 



Rocks and bark of bushes in Brazil. 



Thallus leafy, very thick, imbricated ; beneath scarlet frosted with 

 white, above green and somewhat gelatinous. Lobes crenulated, as- 

 cending. Podetia nearly solid, cavernous, split into fingered lobes 

 either wholly or at their apex only. Shields marginal, confluent, 

 scarlet. Martins. Rubbed down with sugar and water this is found 

 to be an excellent remedy in Brazil, for aphthae in children. 



1341. C. vermicularis Hooker. B. F. ii. 234. Cenomyce 

 vermicularis Ach. syn. 278. Lichen vermicularis E. B. t. 2029. 



On the ground in the northern parts of the world. 



Podetia spreading horizontally, pure white, subulate, simple or slightly 

 branched, branches tapering at each end. Used in South America an 

 a stomachic, under the name of Contrayerba blanca. 



1342. C. rangiferina Hooker B. F. ii. 235 Cenomyce ran- 



giferina Ach. syn. 277. Lichen rangiferinus E. Bot. t. 173. 

 Moors, heaths and mountains, common. (Rein Deer Moss.) 



Podetia erect, elongated, roughish, cylindrical, greenish-white, very 

 much branched, the axils perforated, the branches scattered, often 

 intricate, divaricated, the ultimate ones drooping. Shields subglobose, 

 brown, on small erect branchlets. One of the most nutritious of 

 this order, and nearly free from the bitterness of some of the escu- 

 lent kinds. 



SCYPHOPHORUS. 



Thallus foliaceous, imbricated. Podetia fistulose, cylindrical, 

 dilated upwards, bearing cups, or attenuated and subulate ; cups 

 closed with a membrane or cleft at the extremity, often rayed 

 in a somewhat digitated manner, the rays all fertile. Shields 

 (cephalodia) convex, capituliform, not bordered, free in the centre 

 beneath, arranged around the edges of the cup, the margin re- 

 flexed, uniform within. 



1343. S. pyxidatus Hooker B. F. ii. 238. Cenomyce pyx- 

 idata Ach. synops. 252. Lichen pyxidatus E. B. 1. 1393. Com- 

 mon on heaths, moors, and high land. 



Thallus foliaceous, the segments crenulated, ascending. Podetia all 

 turbinate, elongated, cup-bearing, at length granulated, warty, rough, 

 greyish-green, cups regular, the margin at length proliferous. Shields 

 brown. This and the following have both the credit of being astrin- 

 gent and febrifugal. 



1344. S. cocciferus Hooker B. F. ii. 240. Cenomyce cocci- 

 fera Ach. syn. 269. Lichen cocciferus E. Bot. t. 2051. 

 Common on heathy moors. 



Thallus leathery, pale greenish-grey, mealy, the scales minute, lobed 

 and crenated. Podetia elongated, turbinate, mealy, all cup-bearing; cups 

 with their margins often radiated bearing the scarlet shields. 

 629 s s 3 



