20 

 III. 



CONIFERS. 

 Tribe CUPRESSINE.E. 



Sub-tribe l.Juniperince. 

 1. Juniperus. 



"The Junipers are evergreen, medium-sized, or low trees of pyramidal or 

 fastigiate habit, but in old age often with rounded or flattened tops and 

 irregular in outline ; or bushy shrubs of spreading habit, occasionally quite 

 prostrate. Their habit is greatly modified by climate and locality, and in 

 mountainous regions by altitude and aspect, so that the same species which 

 are arborescent in the warmer and more favoured districts are reduced to 

 prostrate shrubs at their northern limit or highest vertical range. Instances 

 of these extreme forms in habit occur in Juniperus communis, J. excelsa, 

 J. recurva, /. virginiana, and others. The foliage is dimorphic, consisting 

 either of pungent acicular or awl-shaped leaves in whorls of three, or of small 

 scale-like leaves, closely imbricated or concrescent in decussate pairs. In 

 some species, as J. communis, the acicular foliage is constant; in others, as 

 J. excelsa, J. virginiana, it prevails up to ten, twelve, or more years, when it 

 gradually gives place to the smaller scale-like leaves ; in others again, as 

 J. chinensis, both forms of leaves are present from a very early age; in the 

 typical J. Sabina, at least in Great Britain, and in a few other species, the 

 scale-like leaves only are present." (Veitch's Manual.) 



The genus may be divided into two well-marked sections 



a. Oxycedri. Leaves homomorphic, acicular or awl-shaped. 



b. Sabince. Leaves dimorphic, acicular or scale-like. 



(1.) J. bermudiana, L. " Bermuda Juniper" ; "Pencil Cedar." 



A monoecious tree, attaining a large size. A handsome species, doing well 

 in our warmer coast districts. 



For figures, see Hooker in Lond. Journ. Bot, ii, 141, t. 1, and Hemsley in 

 Gard. Chron., xix, p. 656 (1883). 



"Native of the Bermudas. Formerly much in demand for lead pencils, but 

 now superseded by the more abundant J. virginiana. Apart from its beauty, 

 it is most valuable, and its cultivation in New South Wales should be 

 encouraged. 



U 2 k, 3, L 7, 22, 30 d (Sydney Botanic Gardens). 



(2.) J. californica, Carriere. " Calif ornian Juniper." Sargent, t. 517, 



A tree attaining 40 feet in height. Inhabits dry mountain slopes and 

 plains in southern California (Sargent). Surely it will, therefore, flourish 

 in many parts of New South Wales. 



