294 



INDEX. 



Joints, danger of open, in sea- works, 107- 



109, 207, 243, 244 

 Jura Sound, " race" through, 70 



K 



Kelvin, Lord, analysis and prediction of 



tides, 55 



Kilrush pier, 178 

 Kingstown breakwaters, 198, 217 

 Kinipple, W. K., on grouting under- 

 water foundations, 270 



, on St. Helier's breakwater, 269 



Krakatoa, waves caused by eruption of, 33 

 Kurrachee, height of waves at, 74 



, setting-machine used at, 194 



, storms unknown at, 74 



Leghorn curvilinear mole, particulars 

 relating to, 218 



Length of waves, 26-29, 32, 33 



Lights for pier-heads, 224 



Lime, failure of mortar in Holyhead 

 breakwater, 114 



used in sea-works, 114, 115, 119, 120 



Limnoria terebrans, 132 



Littoral currents, misconception con- 

 cerning, 71 



Littoral drift, chiefly due to wave- 

 action, 71 



Low-water work, often tedious and 

 costly, 260 



Luna rainbows, significance of, 19 



M 



Madras breakwaters, disturbance of rub- 

 ble by waves, 202 

 Maintenance of breakwaters, cost, 216- 



221 



Mallet on preservation of iron, 144 

 Mammoths. See Setting-machines 

 Manora (Kurrachee) breakwater, 194, 220 



, absence of bond in, 282 



Marseilles (La Joliette) breakwater, 210, 



215 



Mass concrete, 183-187. See also Con- 

 crete 



, foundations under water, 262-264, 



266-268 



Mass-concrete, protecting surface of, 

 from fretting action of waves, 258-260 



Materials, 105-145 



, selection of, for sea- works, 105 



Maury, waves caused by earthquake at 



Simoda, 33 

 Medina cement, properties and uses of, 



122,123, 131,258, 259 

 Mediterranean Sea, circulation of water 



in, 67 



, tides in, 52 



Messent, bond in Tyne breakwaters, 283 



, concrete-mixing machine, 117 



on Roman cement concrete used in 



Tyne piers, etc., 123 

 Methods of constructing breakwaters, 



236-256 

 Model of sea-bed, useful in dealing with 



under-water rock foundations, 261 

 Molony, Capt., on height of waves, 36 

 Monolithic work, 183-187. See also 



Concrete and Mass-concrete 

 , breakwater formed entirely 



of, 192 



Monsoons, 16, 17 

 Moon, tides produced by, 45 



, tide-producing power of, 46 



Mormugao breakwater, 194-196, 215, 221 

 Motion of particles in waves, 23-28 

 Mounds of breakwaters. See also Break- 

 waters of mound type 

 , effect of, upon waves, 29-31, 



205 

 , level up to which they should 



be carried, 202 

 , modes of constructing, 236- 



249, 255, 256 



, pell-mell blocks, 208-212 



, slopes assumed by rubble, 



198-200 

 Mud as an indication of exposure, 86 



, founding upon, 271, 272 



Murray, on depth to which wave-action 



extends, 29 



N 



Naples, S. Vincenzo mole, 218 



Neap tides, 46, 52 



Newfoundland, bank of, waves break 



upon, 29 

 Newhaven (Sussex) breakwater, 188, 



220 

 Notching of face-blocks, 280 



