INDEX. 



297 



Sloping-block system of construction, 



bond in, 282, 283 



, early use of, 197 



, work very little affected 



by settlement, 282, 283 

 Sluicing, 286 

 Small broken stone used for levelling 



foundations, 268, 269, 273 

 Smith, W., on Aberdeen south break- 

 water, 182, 243, 214 

 Sneezewood, 132, 131, 137, 138 

 Southampton, double tide at, 53, 54 

 Spending-beaches, 147, 155, 167 

 Spring tides, 46 

 Stability of blocks thrown together 



pell-mell, 214, 215 

 Staging, 236-245 



, Aberdeen south breakwater, 241 



, Alderney breakwater, 241 



, chain stays for, 243 



, cost of, 245 



, facilities afforded by, 237, 244, 245, 



264, 265 



, height of, 241 



, Holyhead breakwater, 238, 242 



, need not extend whole length of 



work, 244 



, ordinary sea, 239 



Steel, consumption of, in quarrying, 99 



, corrosion of, in sea-water, 139, 140 



Stepped blockwork,212, 213 

 Stevenson, Thomas, on height of waves, 



36,37 



, , on power of waves, 82 



, , on reduction of waves, 161, 



162 



Stone, 110-113 

 attacked by Pliolas dactylus and 



Saxicava, 112 



, decay of, 111, 112 



for sea-works should have high 



specific gravity, 110 



, weight of various kinds, 110, 111 



Stoney, B. B., system of constructing 



breakwaters, 187 

 Storm centre, position of, 15 

 Storms, course of, 16 

 , direction of, affucted by Gulf 



Stream, 68 



, extent of, 5 



, rate of progress of, 6, 7 



Strike " and dip " of strata should 



be utilized in quarrying, 92 



Stroke of wave, greatest just as wave 

 begins to break, 26, 40, 41 



Sun, tides produced by, 45 



, tide-producing power of, as com- 

 pared with that of moon, 45, 46 



Sunken reef or shoal, effect of, on waves, 

 27-29 



Superstructure, effect of placing, upon 

 rubble mound, 201 



Survey of site of proposed harbour, 146, 

 147 



Swell, direction of, 34 

 preceding storms, 19, 31 



Synoptic charts, 6, 14 



T 



Table Bay breakwater, 198, 200 



" Tabling," 282 



Tamping bore-holes in quarrying, 102 



Teak, 131, 134, 136 



Telford, early use of sloping block 

 masonry by, 197 



Temperature of ocean, 64 



rises on approach of storms, 17 



Temple of Jupiter Serapis, movement of 

 ground at, 77 



Teredo gigantea, 133 



navalis, 132-138 



Thomson, Sir Wm., analysis and pre- 

 diction of tides, 55 



, Sir Wyville, on evaporation and 



precipitation, 66 



, , on temperature of the ocean, 



64 



Tidal currents, 50, 51, 69, 70 



affect depth of water at har- 

 bour entrances, 72 



affect sea-works more than 



ocean currents, 69 



affect width of harbour en- 

 trances, 72, 160 



at Kyle Ehea, 70 



past harbour entrances, 70 



through Pentland Frith, 69 



through Straits of Dover, 69 



through Sound of Jura, 70 



, velocity of, increased by 



breakwaters projected across them, 

 also by headlands, 70 



Tidal curves or diagrams, 53, 54 



establishment, 55 



