20 WHEAT 



The Union of South Africa. Wheat is grown in the south- 

 west and north-east of the Cape Province, and in the Orange 

 Free State and the Transvaal, but in most parts of the Union 

 the rainfall is insufficient, and the chief hope for wheat-growing 

 in the future lies in the adoption of the system of dry 

 farming. 



Rhodesia. By irrigation everywhere, and in some districts 

 without irrigation, wheat can be grown in Rhodesia. 



Kenya Colony. Wheat is now successfully grown at Njoro, 

 and it is considered certain that a variety of wheat more 

 suitable to the climate will be produced and that in the 

 future the wheat^growing industry will be a very nourishing 

 one. 



India. The Punjab (punj-ab, five rivers) lies to the south 

 of the Himalayas and to the east of the Sulaiman Mountains ; 

 except in its northern part it has very little rain. The great 

 bare tracts of land between its rivers are terribly hot and dusty 

 in summer, though in the winter the weather is cool and some- 

 times frosty. The rivers, however, fed by the snows of the 

 mountains, make irrigation possible, and innumerable canals 

 bring water to the parched fields. Much of the soil is clay or 

 loam, and in consequence this is one of the chief wheat-growing 

 districts of India. Kurachi is its port. 



The North- West Frontier Province lies on the west side of 

 the Indus, and its Lowlands resemble those of the Punjab ; 

 it also produces wheat. 



In the Deccan the Central Provinces have a deep, rich, black 

 soil, and a hot and dry climate. Great quantities of wheat are 

 grown here and exported from Calcutta. 



The problems and difficulties which perplex us in India 

 are altogether different from those in other parts of the 

 empire. There are 200 persons here to the square mile, the 

 wants of the labourers are few and their wages low. Transport 

 by rail, and river, and canal is easy and cheap. 



New Zealand. The provinces of Canterbury and Otago on 

 the lee side of the mountains are sheltered from the rain- 



