THE PROSPECTOR'S HANDBOOK. 



CANNY Lode containing beds of carbonate of lime and fluor spar is 



called canny. 

 CANON A deep valley. 

 CAP ROCK The formation above the ore. 

 CARAT Weight, nearly equal to four grains, used for diamonds and 



precious stones. With goldsmiths and assayers the term carat is 



applied to the proportions of gold in an alloy ; 24 carats represent 



fine gold. Thus i8-carat gold signifies that 18 out of 24 parts are 



pure gold, the rest some other metal. 

 CARBONATE Compound formed by union of carbonic acid with a 



base. 



CARBONIFEROUS Containing coal. 

 CARBURET A compound of a metal with carbon. 

 CARGA (Spain) A mule's load = 380 Ibs. 



CASCAHLO (Brazil) A kind of gravel, auriferous and diamondiferous. 

 CASCAJO (South America) A decomposed schist on which pay-dirt 



lies. 



CASING Material between a reef and its walls. 

 CATEAR (Spain) To search for minerals. 

 GAUNTER (Cornwall) A lode running across a main lode. 

 CELLULAR Containing cavities. 



CEMENT A gravel of which the particles are cemented together. 

 CERRO (Spain) Rocky hill. 

 CHERT A mineral like flint, only of a coarser texture and more brittle. 



It contains lime as well as silica. 

 CHLORIDE Compound of chlorine with an element. 

 CLAIM Land staked off by the prospector as his mining property. 

 CLAVO (Mexico) A rich "pay" chimney, deep but with horizontal 



limits. 

 CLAY-SLATE Name given to some of the older stratified rocks, which 



are cleavable across the planes of stratification. 

 CLEAVAGE The property of separating into layers. 

 CLINOMETER (See Chap. II.) 

 COARSE LODE One not rich. 

 COLOR (to show) An Australian expression when rock or gravel 



shows traces of gold. 

 COLORADOS (South America) Red ores (stained by oxide of iron), 



similar to " gossan." 

 COMPACT Of a firm texture. 

 CONCENTRIC Having the same centre. 

 CONCHOIDAL Name given to a certain kind of fracture resembling a 



bivalve shell. 



CONFORMABLE (Set Chap. II.) 



CONGLOMERATE Rounded stones cemented together to form a rock. 

 CONTACT LODE One between two distinct kinds of rock. 

 CONTOUR RACE A watercourse following the contour of the land. 

 COUNTRY ROCK The rock on either side of the lode. 

 CORD (of timber) A pile of wood 8 feet long, 4 feet high, and 4 Tcot 



broad; contains 128 cubic feet. 

 COSTEAN PITS Trenches cut at right angles to the strike of the lode. 



