CINALOA CINNA. 



that the whole power of Lacedaemon would be turned 

 against them. They recalled Cinion, who concluded 

 a peace, but, at the same time, to aftbrd employment 

 to the restless spirit of the Athenians, undertook an 

 expedition against Egypt and Cyprus. He sailed 

 against Cyprus with 200 ships, whence he sent GO to 

 Egypt. With the remainder he defeated the Persian 

 fleet and army on the Phoenician coast (450). The 

 peace of Cirnon (B. C. 449), of which Isocrates, De- 

 mosthenes, J)iodorus,and Plutarch speak, but which 

 Thucydides does not mention, probably never took 

 place. Those authors were deceived by the report of 

 ti treaty which was not concluded. In 449, Cimon 

 besieged the city of Citium, but died before it was 

 taken, and after his death the Athenians retired. 

 Athens lost in him, one of her most distinguished citi- 

 zens. The popular party, which he had opposed, 

 now gained the superiority. 



CINALOA, a province on the west side of Mexi- 

 co, comprehended under the intendancy of Sonora, 

 lying between New Biscay and the gulf of California ; 

 300 miles long, and 150 broad. The air is pure and 

 healthy, the land good and fertile, producing abun- 

 dance of maize, legumes, fruits, and cotton. The 

 natives are robust and warlike, and were with diffi- 

 culty brought to submit to the Spaniards. They 

 make use of bows with poisoned arrows, clubs of 

 red-wood, and bucklers. Population, 60,000. 



CINALOA, or ST FELIPE Y ST JAGO ; a town 

 of Mexico, in a province of the same name, C30 

 miles N. W. Mexico ; Ion. 106 4CX W. ; lat. 26 

 28 N. ; population, 9500. 



CINCHONA. See Bark, Peruvian. 



CINCINNATI, (the Cincinnatuses) ; a society 

 established by the officers of the revolutionary army 

 of America, in 1783, to perpetuate their friendship, 

 and to raise a fund for relieving the widows and or- 

 phans of those who had fallen during the war. The 

 name of Cincinnatus (q. v.) was adopted, as emble- 

 matic of the civic character of the American army. 

 The honours of the society were to be hereditary in 

 the eldest male line of the original members, and, in 

 default of male issue, in the collateral male line. 

 This association excited the fears of the republicans 

 in America, and, among them, of Franklin : they saw 

 in it the germ of a future aristocracy. At the first 

 general meeting of the order, at Philadelphia, 1784, 

 some modifications were, therefore, made in the con- 

 stitution, and, in some of the states, it was silently 

 abandoned. At present, there are seven state socie- 

 ties, which hold a general meeting by delegates 

 triennially. The badge of the society is a bald eagle 

 suspended by a blue ribbon edged with white, emble- 

 matic of the union of France and America. On the 

 breast of the eagle, Cincinnatus is receiving the mili- 

 tary ensigns from the three senators ; the implements 

 of husbandry are seen in the back-ground ; round the 

 whole, Omnia relic/nit servare rempublicam. On the 

 reverse, Fame is crowning Cincinnatus with a wreath, 

 inscribed Virtuiis pramiitm, with other emblems ; 

 round the whole, Societas Cincinnatorum, instituta 

 A. D. 1783. 



CINCINNATI, a city of the state of Ohio, in 

 Hamilton county, on tiie north bank of the river 

 Ohio ; 20 miles above the mouth of the Great Mia- 

 mi, 122 above Louisville ; Ion. 84 27' W". : popula- 

 tion, in 1805, 750 ; in 1810, 2540 ; in 1820, 9642 ; 

 and, in 1829, 24,148. Cincinnati was first kid out in 

 1789, and began to flourish after the year 1794, since 

 which time its growth in population, wealth, and 

 trade has been exceedingly rapid. It is a great em- 

 porium of the western country, and, next to New 

 Orleans, much the largest town hi the United States 

 west of the Alleghany mountains. The city is ad- 

 vantageously and pleasantly situated. It stands partly 



on the first and partly on the second bank of the river 

 the upper part being elevated 50 or 60 feet above the 

 lower. The centralpart of the town is very compact 

 and a great portion of the houses are handsomely built 

 of brick. The principal public buildings and institu- 

 tions in 1829 were a court-house, a jail-, the medical 

 college, theCincinnati college, an hospital, a museum, 

 a city library, the apprentices' library, three market- 

 houses, five insurance companies, twenty-three places 

 of public worship, five classical schools, and forty- 

 seven common schools. There were published at the 

 same period, two daily newspapers, two semi-weekly, 

 and five weekly, besides other periodical publications. 

 In 1826, there belonged to the city twenty-eight cler- 

 gymen,thirty-four attomeys,and thirty-fivephysicians. 

 The number of students in the medical college, in 

 1825, was eighty-two. The Cincinnati college was 

 incorporated hi 1819. Cincinnati is a place of great 

 trade and extensive manufactures. The exports, of 

 which the most considerable articles are flour and 

 pork, amounted, in 1826, to 1,063,560 dollars ; and 

 the imports, in the same year, to 2,528,590 dollars. 

 A considerable portion of the imports is brought here 

 for re-exportation. There are between thirty and 

 forty manufacturing establishments, some of which 

 are on a very extensive scale ; and their works are, 

 to a great extent, moved by steam power. The 

 whole value of the manufactures, in all the depart- 

 ments, was estimated, in 1828, at 1,850,000 dollars. 

 The markets of Cincinnati are abundantly supplied 

 with various kinds of provisions, which are furnished 

 at a low price. Cincinnati has recently acquired 

 some notoriety in Britain, as having been the resi- 

 dence of Mrs Trollope, the caustic limner of Ameri- 

 can manners. 



CINCINNATUS, Lucius QOINCTIUS, a patrician 

 belonging to the earliest period of the Roman repub- 

 lic, equally distinguished by heroism, magnanimity, 

 contentment, and disinterestedness, was chosen con- 

 sul 460 B. C. The messengers charged with the 

 information of his election found him at the plough 

 hi the fields. He accepted the office, and only re- 

 gretted that his little farm would be neglected. He 

 behaved, while in the consulship, disinterestedly and 

 honourably, but refused it when it was offered to him 

 the following year, and afterwards received the dic- 

 tatorship for six months, to terminate the unhappy 

 war with the neighbouring ^Equi. The messengers 

 again found him at his plough. He immediately 

 joined and assisted the consul Minutius, surprised the 

 enemies during the night, made prisoners of all their 

 army, and divided the booty amongst his soldiers, 

 only retaining for himself a golden crown, which his 

 army had presented to him to express their gratitude. 

 After having celebrated a triumph, he resigned his 

 office, which he had held only during sixteen days, 

 and returned to his rural retirement. At an advanced 

 age, he was again elected dictator to restrain the 

 power of Spurius Mzelius, a dangerous and turbulent 

 man : he proposed the most effectual arrangements, 

 and, after the principal mutineer had been killed by 

 a certain Ahala, dispersed his adherents. Thus Cin- 

 cinnatus was twice the deliverer of his country, which 

 revered him as a father. 



CINNA, Lucius CORNELIUS, an adherent of Ma- 

 rius, who, when Sylla had made himself odious by the 

 proscription of Marius, obtained the consulship, and 

 accused Sylla, who was just going as proconsul to 

 Asia, of mal-administration. Sylla thought it not ad- 

 visable to take notice of this complaint. When Cin- 

 na afterwards wished to carry by force a new law in 

 favour of tiie allies, a bloody battle commenced in 

 the forum between his party and the party of the 

 senate, at the head of which stood Octavius, the 

 other consul. Cinna and his party were conquered, 

 o. 



