JORDANO JOSEPH II. 



263 



eminence in various departments of the dramn. Her 

 father, captain Bland, of a respectable Irish family, 

 eloped with her mother, who was a native of Wales, 

 !>y whom lie had a numerous offspring. The subject 

 of this article adopted the theatrical profession, for 

 tlie support of herself and her mother, and made her 

 first appearance at Dublin, in the character of Phebe, 

 in As you Like it; but her talents first attracted 

 particular attention in tragedy. At the theatre of 

 York, she assumed the name of Mrs Jordan, by 

 which, though never married, she was subsequently 

 known. In this situation, she continued three years. 

 She made her first appearance before a London 

 audience, as Peggy, in the Country Girl ; and, in 

 that character, in Nell, in the Devil to Pay, and 

 others of a similar cast, she displayed unrivalled excel- 

 lence. She appeared to almost equal advantage as a 

 tragic actress, where tender rather than violent and 

 lofty feelings were to be portrayed. Her long 

 theatrical career was terminated by her retirement to 

 France, where she resided in obscurity, and died 

 (1816) without a relative or friend near her, to soothe 

 the hours of sickness, or bestow on her remains the 

 decent rites of sepulture. She was, for a long time, 

 the mistress of the duke of Clarence, now William IV., 

 who had several children by her. Since his acces- 

 sion, the king has ordered Chantrey to prepare a 

 statue, to be placed over her remains, in the cemetery 

 of St Cloud. 



JORDANO. See Giordano. 



JORNANDES (properly Jordanes), by birth an 

 Alan, lived under the emperor Justinian, was at first 

 a notary, and afterwards took the monastic vows, 

 but is erroneously styled bishop of Ravenna. His De 

 Gothorum Origine et Rebus Gestis, and his chronicle 

 De Regnorum et Temporum Successions, which came 

 down to the year 552, are of much value, though 

 written in barbarous Latin. They are contained in 

 Muratori's Script. Rerum Italicarum. 



JORTIN, JOHN, D. D., an eminent scholar and 

 divine, was born in London, in 1698, and was educated 

 at Cambridge. Here, under the instruction of Doctor 

 Thirlby, he acquired so high a character for learning 

 and acuteness, that he was recommended by his 

 tutor to Pope, to extract the notes from Eustathius, 

 to print with his translation of the Iliad. He took 

 orders in 1724, and he served a chapel of ease to the 

 parish of St Giles in the Fields. In 1731, in con- 

 junction with some learned coadjutors, he gave to the 

 world Miscellaneous Observations upon Authors, 

 Ancient and Modern (two volumes, 8vo.) ; and, in 

 1751, appeared the first volume of his Remarks upon 

 Ecclesiastical History, of which four volumes more 

 were published in 1752 and 1754, and two more after 

 his death in 1773. In 1755, he published Six Dis- 

 sertations upon various Subjects. In 1758, he pub- 

 lished his Life of Erasmus (4to.) ; in 1760, another 

 4to. volume, entitled Remarks upon the Works of 

 Erasmus. In 1762, he received the living of Ken- 

 sington, the duties of which he performed for the 

 remainder of his life. In 1764, he was made arch- 

 deacon of London, and died Aug. 20, 1770. Besides 

 the works already mentioned, doctor Jortin was the 

 author of Remarks upon Spencer (1734, 8vo.) ; 

 Remarks on Seneca ; Letters on the Music of the 

 Ancients ; and other miscellaneous productions, whicli 

 appear in two volumes of Tracts, Philological, Criti- 

 cal and Miscellaneous. Seven volumes of his Ser- 

 mons and Charges were also published after his death, 

 in 1771 and 1772. 



JORULLO, JURULLO, or JUIIUYO, or XU- 

 UTLLO ; a volcano of Mexico, in Mechoacan, thirty 

 miles south Pasquaro, sixty-five south-south-west 

 Valladolid; Ion. 103 52' W.; lat. 19 9' N.. This 

 volcano was formed on St Michael's day, in 1759 in 



the middle of a beautiful, fertile, and pleasant valley, 

 which extends three leagues from east to west, and 

 more than eight from north to south. By the skirt 

 of this mountain passes a stream, which before fer- 

 tilized the valley, and which is called del Salto. The 

 waters are so hot that men or horses passing through 

 it are in danger of being scalded. 



JOSEPH, ST ; husband of the virgin Mary, the 

 mother of Jesus, a Jew of the tribe ot Judah, whose 

 genealogy from Abraham and David is given by St 

 Matthew and St Luke. He is represented in the 

 New Testament as an humble mechanic, and a just 

 man ; but little is known, with certainty, of his 

 history. 



JOSEPH, the son of the favourite Rachel, was 

 tenderly beloved by his father Jacob. Stung with 

 envy and with the arrogance which they thought was 

 displayed in his innocent dreams, his brothers sold 

 him to some Ishmaelitish slave-dealers, by whom he 

 was sold to Potiphar, a distinguished officer in Egypt. 

 The prudence and fidelity which he displayed in the 

 service of his master ameliorated his condition ; but 

 his refusal to comply with the unlawful desires ot 

 Potiphar's wife caused him to be thrown into prison, 

 at her instigation. Yet, even here, Joseph was able to 

 gain the confidence of the keeper ; and the interpre- 

 tation which he gave to a dream of the king's butler, 

 who was likewise in prison, opened for him the way 

 to a better fortune ; for, after the butler had been 

 restored to favour, Pharaoh and his whole court were 

 troubled by a dream. The butler remembered the 

 Hebrew boy, who had given so happy an interpreta- 

 tion to his own dream when in prison. Joseph was 

 brought to court, and explained the king's dream 

 of seven fat and seven lean kine. The monarch now 

 released him from confinement, and raised him to the 

 second place in the empire. He suggested wise 

 measures for preserving the people from famine, dur- 

 ing the unproductive years which he had predicted, 

 and Pharaoh committed to him the charge of carrying 

 them into execution. Married to the daughter of an 

 Egyptian nobleman, in possession of the highest power 

 next to the royal, Joseph saw all his wishes gratified, 

 except his yearning after his relations. In the years 

 of famine, his brothers came to buy corn from the 

 stores which he had collected in Egypt. Without 

 making himself known to them, he endeavoured, by 

 some harsh treatment, to discover their thoughts, and 

 to make them repent of the wrong they had done 

 him. His feelings at length overcame him. He dis- 

 closed himself to his brethren, and provided them 

 and his father with lands in Egypt. He was now 

 their benefactor, and therefore Jacob, in his last 

 blessing, gave to his two sons equal rights with the 

 other brothers, and the two tribes of Manasseh and 

 Ephraim preserved the memory of Joseph among the 

 Hebrews. 



JOSEPH I., emperor of Germany, son of Leopold 

 I., born at Vienna, July 26, 1678, received the crown 

 of Hungary in 1689, and was soon after crowned as 

 Roman king. In 1705, he began his reign, whicn, 

 though short, was troubled by wars in the Nether- 

 lands, Hungary, Germany, Italy, and Spain. He was 

 well disposed, but weak and indolent. He revived 

 the imperial chamber. The Protestants enjoyed toler- 

 ation and some privileges under his reign. He died 

 April 17, 1711. 



JOSEPH II., German emperor, son of Francis I. and 

 Maria Theresa, was born March 13, 1741, at a time 

 when Frederic the Great had already conquered half 

 of Silesia, and the Bavarian army was approaching the 

 Austrian frontiers, when the peace of Aix-la-Chapelle 

 restored the sinking state. Joseph was inferior to his 

 brother (Leopold II.) in learning, but he displayed an 

 active and penetrating inind. and made much progress 



