MORELL MORENA. 



he embarked for Europe in the July of that year, and 

 reaching Gotteiibnrg, proceeded to Prague. Here 

 he found the emperors of Austria and Russia, with 

 the king of Prussia, all of whom received him with 

 great cordiality; and he was induced to aid in the 

 direction of the allied armies against his own country. 

 It was a fatal resolution to himself; for, on the 27th 

 of August, soon after his arrival, while conversing 

 with the emperor Alexander on horselmck, in the 

 battle before Dresden, a cannon ball fractured his 

 right knee and leg, and carried away the calf of the 

 the left, so as to render the amputation of both neces- 

 sary. After languishing five days, he expired, Sept. 

 1, 1813. He was buried at St Petersburg, and the 

 emperor of Russia made an ample provision for his 

 widow, who also received the title of marechale from 

 Louis XVIII. The manners of Moreau were simple, 

 and he was humane and generous, as well as brave. 

 His great merits, as a soldier, all parties admit ; but 

 much of his personal conduct as a partisan, and 

 especially that which led to the termination of his life, 

 will be judged of variously by persons of different po- 

 litical opinions. 



MORELL, THOMAS; an eminent writer on philo- 

 logy and criticism, in the last century. He was a 

 native of Eton, and received his education in the col- 

 lege there, as a scholar on the foundation. He re- 

 moved to King's college, Cambridge, of which lie 

 was chosen a fellow, and, in 1743, took the degree 

 of D. D., and entered into holy orders. His death 

 took place in 1784, at the age of eigh'y. Doctor 

 Morell republished, with improvements, King's edi- 

 tion of four of the tragedies of Euripides (1748, 2 

 vols., 8vo), and published an edition of the Prometheus 

 Vinctus of /Eschylus (4to); a Lexicon of G reek Pro- 

 sody (4to); and a translation of the Epistles of Seneca, 

 with notes (2 vols. , 4to) ; selected the words for some 

 of Handel's oratorios, and assisted in a modernized 

 version of the Canterbury Tales of Chaucer. 



MORELLET, ANDREW; abbe, and member of the 

 French academy, born at Lyons, March 7, 1727, and 

 educated in the seminary of the Thirty-Three. His 

 industry, regularity, and good conduct, obtained him 

 admission into the institute of the Sorbonne, where 

 he passed five years entirely devoted to study. He 

 then accompanied a young nobleman to the college 

 of Du Plessis, and afterwards on a tour to Italy, in 

 the capacity of tutor. While at Rome, in 1758, he 

 made an abstract of Eymeric's Directorium Inquisi- 

 torum, which was published four years later, under 

 the title of Manuel des Inquisiteurs. On his return 

 to Paris (1759), Morellet was admitted into the dis- 

 tinguished circle of Mad. Geoffrin; and, having pub- 

 lished a satirical piece, in answer to Palissot's tragedy 

 of the Philosopher, entitled Preface des Philosophes, 

 in which he made an offensive allusion to the prin- 

 cess de Robecq, he was confined in the Bastile. In 

 1766, he published a translation of Beccaria on 

 Crimes and Punishments, and, in 1769, issued a 

 Prospectus d'un nouveauDictionnaire de Commerce, on 

 which he was employed twenty years, and which was 

 suspended by the revolution. In 1772, he visited 

 England, where he became acquainted with Franklin 

 and other distinguished individuals ; and, in 1783, his 

 services were required in the negotiations for peace, 

 between England and France, and were rewarded by 

 a pension of 4000 livres. On the outbreak of the re- 

 volution, he published several pamphlets on political 

 subjects, opposed the abolition of the academy, 

 though without success, but succeeded in saving its 

 archives from destruction. His Cri des Families, in 

 defence of the rights of the children of those who 

 perished in the time of terror, and his Cause des 

 Peres, in favour of the emigrants, while they hazarded 

 his safety, gained the esteem of the good. The 



loss of his pension, at this time, obliged !iim to 

 undertake Ihe translation of several works, novels, 

 travels, &c., from the English. On the establish- 

 ment of the institute, he was passed over, but, in 

 1803, was admitted into the academic. A fall, which 

 broke his leg, in 1815, at the age of eighty-eight, did 

 not diminish his literary activity, and his last years 

 were occupied with the Melanges de Literature et de 

 Philosophic du dix-huitieme Siecle (4 vols., 1818). 

 He died in 1819. See the Memoires inedits de I Abbe 

 Morellet, by Lemontey (Paris, 1823, 2 vols.). 



MORELLI, GIACOMO, the celebrated librarian of 

 St Mark's, was born at Venice, in 1745, of poor 

 parents, and received an imperfect education, the de- 

 fects of which he endeavoured to supply by his per- 

 sonal exertions. His frequent visits to the Zenian 

 library, and the nature of his studies, attracted the 

 notice of the librarian Rubeis, who was so much 

 pleased with his zeal and intelligence as to aid him in 

 liis pursuits. He visited the other libraries in the city 

 and neighbourhood, copying, making extracts, taking 

 notes, and compiling catalogues. He acquired a 

 knowledge of Greek, and afterwards of French, and 

 soon became known for his learning and industry. 

 His Bibliotheca manoscritta del Bali T. G. Farsetti 

 (1771 80), and his Disscrtazione storica intornoalla 

 pubblica Libreria di S. Morco (1774), and his Codd. 

 Mss. Lat. Bib. Naniance relaticum Opusculis ineditis 

 ex iisdem depromptis (1776), had already made him 

 favourably known abroad, when, in 1778, he succeed- 

 ed Zanetti as librarian of St Mark's. During forty-one 

 years, he lived only for this library, which he in- 

 creased by several valuable collections, obtained 

 from his friends, and from public offices, and to the 

 stores of which lie gave new value by his arrange- 

 ment of them. It is impossible to paint his grief 

 when he was obliged to surrender some of the books 

 to the French ; and when the order for removing the 

 library to the ducal palace was communicated to him, 

 he burst into tears, and fainted away. Morelli com- 

 piled a catalogue of the Pinellian library, which he 

 had himself arranged, in 6 vols. 8vo. El is editions of 

 Aristides against Leptine, Libanius's Defence of 

 Socrates, Aristoxenos's Rhythmica Elementa, and his 

 Epistolce septem varies Eruditionis (1819), and parti- 

 cularly his Bibliotheca Manuscripta, with numerous 

 other works of a critical, bibliographical, and anti- 

 quarian nature, are monuments of profound learning, 

 acute criticism, and unwearied industry. His Opereite 

 appeared at Venice, in 3 vols. (1820). He died in 

 1819. 



MORENA, SIERRA (Ariani monies, or Maria- 

 nus mons of the ancients); a mountainous chain in 

 the Spanish peninsula, which goes off from the Iberian 

 mountains, runs through New Castile, divides Castile 

 from Andalusia, and the latter from Estremadura, and 

 terminates at cape St Vincent, on the western coast 

 of Portugal. The highest summits are not over 

 3000 feet high. Different parts of it bear the name 

 of Sierra (Spanish, ridge) de Cordova, Sierra de 

 Guadalcanal, Sierra de Caldeiraon, and Sierra de Mon- 

 chique. It is the scene of several events in Don 

 Quixote. In 1768, during the reign of Charles III., 

 Olavides (q. v.) established a colony, composed 

 principally of foreigners, in the central part of the 

 chain. It contained about 10,000 individuals at the 

 time of his disgrace, but was then neglected, and 

 mostly deserted by the colonists. In 1791, the num- 

 ber was 6200, chiefly Spaniards, who had taken the 

 place of the original colonists. The colony was cal- 

 led Nuevas Poblaciones de Sierra Morena ; the cliiet 

 place, La Carolina, in honour of the king. The 

 name of the chain (signifying, in Spanish, black moun- 

 tain) is supposed to be derived from the dark appear- 

 ance of its forests. 



