36 



WHIST WHITAKER. 



be punished for each revoke, provided he has made 

 any. But if any of the rest of the players should 

 happen to have fourteen cards, in that case the deal 

 is lost. 4. The dealer should leave his trump card 

 upon the table till it is his turn to play ; and after 

 he has mixed it with his other cards, no one has a 

 right to demand what card was turned up, hut may 

 ask what is trumps. In consequence 01 this law, 

 the dealer cannot name a wrong card, which other- 

 wise he might have done. 5. None of the players 

 may take up or look at their cards while they are 

 dealing out. When this is the case, the dealer, if 

 he should happen to miss deal, has a right to deal 

 again, unless it arises from his partner's fault ; and 

 if a card is turned up in dealing, no new deal can 

 be called, unless the partner was the cause of it. 

 G. If any person deals, and, instead of turning up 

 the trump, he puts the trump card upon the rest of 

 his cards, with the face downwards, he loses his deal. 



Of Playing out of Turn. 1. If any person plays 

 out of his turn, it is in the option of either of his 

 adversaries to call the card so played, at any time 

 in that deal, provided it does not make him re- 

 voke ; or either of the adversaries may require of 

 the person who ought to have led, the suit the said 

 adversary may choose. 8. If a person supposes he 

 has won the trick, and leads again before his partner 

 has played, the adversary may oblige his partner to 

 win it if be can. 9. If a person leads, and his part- 

 ner plays before his turn, the adversary's partner 

 may do the same. 10. If the ace or any other card 

 of a suit is led, and the last player should happen 

 to play out of his turn, whether his partner has any 

 of the suit led or not, he is neither entitled to trump 

 it, nor to win the trick, provided you do not make 

 him revoke. 



Of Revoking. 11. If a revoke happens to be 

 made, the adversary may add three to their score, 

 or take three tricks from the revoking party, or 

 take down three from their score ; and if up, not- 

 withstanding the penalty, they must remain at nine : 

 the revoke takes place of any other score of the 

 game. 12. If any person revokes, and discovers it 

 before the cards are turned, the adversary may call 

 the highest or lowest of the suit led, or call the 

 card then played, at any time when it does not 

 cause a revoke. 13. No revoke can be claimed till 

 the trick is turned and quitted, or the party who 

 revoked, or his partner, have played again. 14. If 

 a revoke is claimed by any person, the adverse 

 party are not to mix their cards upon forfeiture of 

 the revoke. 15. No person can claim a revoke after 

 the cards are cut for a new deal. 



Of calling Honours. 16. If any person .calls, ex- 

 cept at the point of eight, the adversary may call a 

 new deal if they think proper. 17. After the 

 trump card is turned up, no person must remind his 

 partner to 'call, on penalty of losing one point. 18. 

 No honours in the preceding deal can be set up, 

 after the trump card is turned up, unless they were 

 before claimed. 19. If any person calls at eight, 

 and his partner answers, and the adverse party have 

 both thrown down their cards, and it appears they 

 have not the honours, they may either stand the 

 deal or have a new one. 20. If any person answers 

 without having an honour, the adversary may con- 

 sult, and stand the deal or not. 21. If any person 

 calls at eight, after he has played, it is in the option 

 of the adverse party to call a new deal. 



Of separating and showing the Cards. 22. If 

 any person separates a card from the rest, the ad- 

 verse party may call it, provided he names it and" 



proves the separation ; but if he calls a wrong card, 

 he or his partner are liable for once to have the 

 highest or lowest card called in any suit led during 

 that deal. 23. If any person, supposing the game 

 lost, throws his cards upon the table, with their 

 faces upwards, he may not take them up again, and 

 the adverse party may call any of the cards when 

 they think proper, provided they did not make the 

 party revoke. 24. If any IXTMMI is sure of winning 

 every trick in his hand, he may show his cards ; but 

 he is then liable to have them called. 



Of omitting to play to a Trick. 25. If any person 

 omits playing to a trick, and it appears he has one 

 card more than the rest, it is in the option of the 

 adversary to have a new deal. 



Respecting who played a particular Card. 26. 

 Each person, in playing, ought to lay his card be- 

 fore him ; and if either of the adversaries mix their 

 cards with his, his partner may demand each person 

 to lay his card before him, but not to inquire who 

 played any particular card. 



WHISTON, WILLIAM, an English divine and 

 mathematician, born in 1667, studied at Clare hall, 

 Cambridge, where he applied himself particularly 

 to mathematics, and displayed his predominant dis- 

 position by composing religious meditations. Hav- 

 ing taken his first degree in 1690, he was chosen a 

 fellow of his college, and became an academical 

 tutor. Entering into holy orders, he was appointed 

 chaplain to doctor Moore, bishop of Norwich. In 

 1696, he published a Theory of the Earth, on the 

 principles of the Newtonian philosophy. In 1700, 

 he was appointed deputy professor of mathematics at 

 Cambridge, by Sir Isaac Newton, who, three years 

 after, resigned the professorship in his favour. In 

 1706, he published an Essay on the Revelation of 

 St John ; and the next year, he became Boylean 

 lecturer; and his sermons on that occasion, on the 

 Accomplishment of Scripture Prophecies, were 

 printed in 1708 (8vo.). He had now conceiv- 

 ed doubts concerning the doctrine of the Trinity; 

 and, having at length adopted Arian opinions, he 

 was expelled from the university in 1710, and, the 

 following year, was deprived of his professorship. 

 He then removed to the metropolis, and gave lec- 

 tures on astronomy ; but the publication of his 

 Primitive Christianity revived, in 1712 (5 vols., 

 8vo.), subjected him to the notice of the convoca- 

 tion, and he was prosecuted as a heretic, though the 

 proceedings were ultimately terminated by an act of 

 grace in 1715. Being refused admission to the sacra- 

 ment at his parish church, he opened his own house 

 for public worship, using a liturgy of his own com- 

 position ; and towards the close of his life he became a 

 Baptist. In 1719, he published a letter On the Eter- 

 nity of the Son of God and his Holy Spirit, which pre- 

 vented him from being chosen a fellow of the royal 

 society, where he was proposed as a candidate in 

 1720. He subsequently distinguished himself by 

 an abortive attempt to discover the longitude, and 

 by his professed opinions relative to an approaching 

 millennium, and the restoration of the Jews. 

 Among his latest labours were his Memoirs of My 

 own Life (174950, 3 vols., 8vo.) He died in 

 London in 1752. Besides numerous original pro- 

 ductions, he published a translation of the works of 

 Josephus, with notes, dissertations, &c. 



WHITAKER, JOHN, an English divine and an- 

 tiquary, born at Manchester about 1735, was edu- 

 cated at Oxford, and became a fellow of Corpus 

 Christ! college. He began to distinguish himself 

 as an inquirer into English antiquities, by the publi- 



