152 



YPSILANTI Y1UARTE. 



his Arnaouts, Waluchians, and pandoors joined the 

 Hetairists ; but the pacha of Brailow was soon 

 able to enter into secret communications with these 

 Arnaouts. When Ypsilanti left his fortified posi- 

 tion at Rimnik, and marched towards Dragaschan, 

 his van, of 1000 men, led by the brave Jorduki, 

 being attacked by the Turks, on June 19, the Wala- 

 chians and pandoors took to flight, and Jordaki 

 with a few hundred men was obliged to fall back 

 to the sacred band of the Hetairists. A part of 

 the Arnaouts now fled, and abandoned the artil- 

 lery, consisting of five pieces of cannon. At this 

 moment, a nephew of the murdered patriarch Gre- 

 gory stepped forward, and exhorted his companions 

 to show the sacredness of their cause by a heroic 

 death. The youths advanced in close order, and 

 fell by files in the conflict. A few only succeeded 

 in saving themselves with Ypsilanti, in the fortified 

 monastery of Costia. Thus was the flower of 

 Greece destroyed. Alexander Ypsilanti now gave 

 up the cause of Greece. Having crossed the fron- 

 tiers, he was arrested in Transylvania, and, with 

 his brother Nicholas, conveyed as a prisoner of state 

 to the fortress of Mungatsch, in Hungary. From 

 this plnce they were both removed, in August, 

 1823, to the fortress of Theresienstadt, in Bohemia, 

 where they were treated with great mildness. The 

 above-mentioned division of Greek troops, under 

 prince George Cantacuzeno, was attacked by the 

 Turks, June 25, at Stinka, on the Pruth, and de- 

 feated, after an engagement of six hours. Molda- 

 via and Walachia remained occupied by the Tur- 

 kish troops, who committed the greatest outrages, 

 and were not entirely withdrawn from both princi- 

 palities till 1826 See Nouvelles Observations sur 

 la Valachie, etc., suivies d'un Precis historique des 

 Evenemens qui se sont passes dans cette Province en 

 1821, par un Temoin oculaire, avec le Plan de la 

 Bat. de Dragaschan. Par F. G. L. (Paris, 1822). 

 After prince Alexander had remained two years in 

 Mungatsch, and four years and a half in Theresien- 

 stadt, Russia demanded his release, in August, 

 1827. This, however, was not granted until the 

 end of November, and then under the condition, 

 imposed by Austria, that the prince should not 

 leave the Austrian dominions. Alex. Ypsilanti 

 died at Vienna, in January, 1828, hardly thirty-six 

 years of age. 



During this time, Demetrius Ypsilanti, with full 

 powers from his brother Alexander, had repaired to 

 the insurgents in Greece. Demetrius (born Dec. 25, 

 1793), entered the Russian hussar regiment of guards, 

 as a cornet, in 1815, and was soon after appointed 

 adjutant of general Rajewsky. As second captain 

 (equal in rank to lieutenant-colonel in the troops 

 of the line), he distinguished himself in the cam- 

 paign of 1814. He now appeared as commander in 

 the Morea, where, as long as the Russian party had 

 the preponderance, he was held in respect. He 

 took the lead in the Greek government at Argos, 

 was then proclaimed prince of Peloponnesus, and 

 appointed general-in-chief in that peninsula. At 

 the end of 1822, he became president of the legis- 

 lative council. But the English party having be- 

 gun to prevail, he was removed from his situation 

 in 1823, and retired from public affairs, but on im- 

 portant exigencies took an active part. He saved 

 the Peloponnesus on the invasion of Dram Ali, by 

 throwing himself, with a band of Hellenists, into 

 the fortress of Argos, and giving the other com- 

 panies time to assemble. Against the resolution of 

 the third national assembly of the Greeks at Epi- 



daurus, requesting the British ambassador in Con- 

 stantinople to negociate a peace between the Porte 

 and the Greeks, which should provide for an inde- 

 pendent Greek government, on condition of a year- 

 ly tribute, Demetrius Ypsilanti entered a protest. 

 When Capo d'Istrias was appointed president of the 

 Hellenic republic, in 1828, prince Demetrius re- 

 ceived a command in Acarnania. 



A third brother, George, born at Constantinople, 

 March 21, 1794, accompanied Alexander Ypsilanti 

 on the expedition to Moldavia and Walachia, and 

 shared his misfortunes and his long imprisonment. 



The fourth brother, Nicolas, born at Constanti- 

 nople, August 16, 1796, was commander of the 

 Sacred Band. He had the same fortune as Alexan- 

 der and George. He died at Odessa, 3d April, 1833. 



Of the two sisters, Catharine and Maria, the 

 latter, born in 1798, devoted to the cause of her 

 country her whole dowry, amounting to 350,000 

 francs. 



The youngest brother, Gregory Theodatius, born 

 at Bucharest, in 1805, received his education in 

 Paris. The annual incomes of the family amount 

 to one and a half million roubles. 



YRIARTE. 



1. Juan de Yriarte, royal librarian and member 

 of the Spanish academy, a bibliographer of note, 

 was born in 1702, on the island of Teneriffe. He 

 studied classical literature at Paris. After eight 

 years, he went to London, and soon after home, 

 where he chiefly occupied himself with English 

 literature. In 1724, he went to Madrid to study 

 law ; but his inclination to philology and bibliogra- 

 phy predominated, and, being constantly in the 

 royal library, then under the direction of the his- 

 torian Juan de Ferreras, the latter soon made him 

 secretary of the library. The fruit of his biogra- 

 phical studies was the catalogue of Greek manu- 

 scripts in that collection, the first volume of which 

 appeared in 1764, folio, under the title Regice Bi- 

 bliotheca Matritensis Codices MSS. Joannes Yriarte 

 excussit, recensuit, Nolis, Indicibus, Anecdotis plu- 

 ribus evulgatis illustravit, &c. This volume con- 

 tains accounts of nearly sixty manuscripts, which 

 Constantino Lascaris had copied with his own 

 hand. This work was completed by a second 

 volume. Yriarte also prepared catalogues of the 

 geographical, chronological and mathematical works 

 contained in the royal library, which appeared in 

 1729 and 1730, made many corrections and addi- 

 tions to Antonio's treatise on Spanish authors, &c. 

 As a member of the Spanish academy, into which 

 he was admitted in 1742, he was very active, and 

 contributed many observations to the treatise on 

 Spanish orthography, to the Castilian Grammar and 

 the Dictionary of the academy. Among his Latin 

 poems, his numerous epigrams deserve mention. He 

 was an industrious contributor to the Diario de los 

 Literatos. His favourite literary occupation was the 

 collecting of Spanish proverbs, of which he brought 

 together about 15,000, from books as well as from 

 the mouths of the people. His Latin Grammnr, 

 on- which he laboured forty years, contains rules in 

 Spanish rhymes, with explanations in prose : it was 

 not published until after his death, by his nephew 

 in 1771, at Madrid, who also published, in 1774, 

 the miscellaneous works of his uncle. He died in 

 1771, at Madrid. 



2. Tomas de Yriarte, of whom a few words were 

 said under the head Iriarte, nephew of the preced- 

 ing, one of the best Spanish poets of modern times, 

 was born in 1752. He first appeared as a poet in 



