170 



ZENTNER ZEIXIS 



and herself formed an epitome of Egyptian history. 

 She was married to Odenatus, king of Palmyra, and 

 accompanied him both in the war and the chase ; 

 and the success of his military expedition against 

 the Persians is, in a great degree, attributed to her 

 prudence and courage. Gallienus, in return for 

 services which tended to preserve the East to the 

 Romans after the capture of Valerian by Sapor, 

 king of Persia, declared Odenatus emperor; on 

 whose death, in '2('>~, she assumed the sovereignty, 

 under the title of queen of the East. She preserved 

 the provinces which had been ruled by Odenatus, 

 and was preparing to make other conquests, when 

 the succession of Aurelian to the purple led to a 

 remarkable change of fortune. That martial prince, 

 disgusted at the usurpation of the richest provinces 

 of the East by a female, determined to make war 

 upon her: and, having gained two battles, besieged 

 her in Palmyra, where she defended herself with 

 great bravery. At length, finding that the city 

 would be obliged to surrender, she quitted it pri- 

 vately ; but the emperor, having notice of her 

 escape, caused her to be pursued with such diligence 

 that she was overtaken just as she got into a boat 

 to cross the Euphrates. Aurelian spared her life, 

 but made her serve to grace his triumph. The 

 Roman soldiers demanded her life ; and, according 

 to Zosirnus, she purchased her safety by sacrificing 

 her ministers, among whom was the distinguished 

 Longinus. She was allowed to pass the remainder 

 of her life as a Roman matron ; and her daughters 

 were married, by Aurelian, into families of distinc- 

 tion. Her only surviving son retired into Armenia, 

 where the emperor bestowed on him a small prin- 

 cipality. 



ZENTNER, GEORGE FREDERIC, baron von, 

 Bavarian minister of justice, was born in 1752, in 

 humble life, at Strassenheim, in the Palatinate, 

 studied at Metz, Gottingen and Wetzlar, and was 

 made professor of law in the university of Heidel- 

 berg, where he began to lecture, in 1779, with 

 much success. At a later period, he was attached 

 to the legation of the Bavarian Palatinate, at the 

 congress of Rastadt, and, in 1799, was invited to 

 Munich as privy counsellor. From him originated 

 the two ordinances of 1799 and 1802, for the im- 

 provement of education in Bavaria, which have had 

 such success that the Bavarian system makes an 

 epoch in the history of education. In 1819, he 

 was raised to the -rank of nobility. In 1820, he 

 was made minister, and, in 1823, minister of justice. 

 The Bavarian constitution is almost entirely his 

 work. 



ZEOLITE (mesotype, natrolite, skolezite) occurs 

 in delicate crystals, whose primary form is the right 

 rhombic prism of 91 20 7 ; hardness about that of 

 apatite ; specific gravity 2-2 ; cleavage parallel to 

 the lateral planes of the primary form ; colour 

 white, or grayish-white ; crystals translucent or 

 transparent. It is also found massive, in radiating 

 masses. Before the blow-pipe, on charcoal, it be- 

 comes opaque, and then vitrifies without intumes- 

 cence. It is composed, according to Vauquelin, of 



Alunune, 

 Lime, 



6034 



29-30 



9-46 



Analysis by Gehlen : 



54-46 

 1970 



. 



Alumm*, . . . 



Lime. . . . . 



Soda, ..... I5 .09 

 Water, . . . . 9-83 



Zeolite is found in trap and lava. The finest speci- 

 mens occur in Iceland, Tyrol, and the Faroe islands. 



ZEPHYR; a soft, cool, agreeable wind; in 

 Greece, the west, or rather west-south-west wind. 

 The Greek name, according to the etymology, 

 signifies life-brinyiny, because, at the time when 

 this wind begins to blow, the plants are restored to 

 life by the balmy spring air. 



Zephyr us, according to the Grecian mythology 

 as well as that of the Romans, was one of the in- 

 ferior deities a son of JEolus, or of Astrseus and 

 of Aurora, a lover of Chloris or Flora. By the 

 harpy Podarge, he was the sire of the swift horses 

 of Achilles, Xanthos and Balios. His love being 

 rejected by Hyacinthus, he was the cause of his 

 death by blowing Apollo's quoit against his head. 

 Some make him the husband of one of the Hours. 

 Flowers and fruits are under his protection. II. i~ 

 represented as a gentle, beautiful youth, naked, 

 with a wreath on his head, or flowers in the fold 

 of his mantle. 



ZERBST, OR ANHALT-ZERBST, formerly a 

 small German principality, which, in 1793, on the 

 extinction of the branch of the house of Anhalt in 

 possession of it, was divided between the three 

 other branches of that house. (See Anhalt.) 

 Zerbst, the capital, sixty-five miles south-west of 

 Berlin, now belongs to the duchy of Anhalt-Dessau. 

 It is situated on the small river Neithe, near the 

 Elbe, and has a population of 8000 souls : the 

 palace of the former princes is outside of the walls 

 Brewing forms a main branch of its industry, and 

 the Zerbst beer is famous. Ornamental manufac- 

 tures in gold, silver and jewellery are also carried 

 on here. 



ZERDUSHT. See Zoroaster. 



ZETHES, ZETES, OR ZETUS; a son of Bo- 

 reas, king of Thrace, and Orithyia, who accom- 

 panied, with his brother Calais, the Argonauts to 

 Colchis. In Bithynia, the two brothers, who are 

 represented with wings, delivered Phineus from the 

 continual persecution of the harpies, and drove 

 these monsters as far as the island called Strophades, 

 where, at last, they were stopped by Iris, who pro- 

 mised them that Phineus should no longer be tor- 

 mented by them. They were both killed, as some 

 say, by Hercules, during the Argonautic expedition, 

 and were changed into those winds which generally 

 blow before the dog-star appears, and are called 

 Podromi by the Greeks. Their sister Cleopatra 

 married Phineus, king of Bithynia. 



ZETHUS. See Amphion. 



ZETOUN, OR ZEITOUN, GULF OF (anciently 

 Malaic gulf), is a gulf or bay on the eastern coast 

 of Greece, north-west of the island of Negropont, 

 or Euba'a. By the protocol of February, 1830, the 

 northern boundary of Greece, beginning at the 

 mouth of the Aspropotamus, terminated at the gulf 

 of Zetoun. But, on the 21st of July, 1832, the 

 sultan signed a protocol, assenting to the extension 

 of the frontier, as desired by the London confer- 

 ence, namely, from the gulf of Volo to the gulf of 

 Arta. 



ZEUS. See Jupiter. 



ZEUXIS ; a celebrated painter, who is said to 

 have begun to practise his art in the fourth year of 

 the ninety-fifth Olympiad (B. C. 397). He was a 

 native of Heraclea, in Magna Graecia, and a pupil of 

 Apollodorus. He is said, by Quintilian, to have 

 been the first who understood the management of 

 light and shade ; but, at the same time, he was 

 thought to have given too much of bulk and mas- 



