348 



CANADA. 



p. 4786; sq. m. 31,669. Richelieu, p. 16,149; sq. 



in. ;t73. Rouville, p. 18,1 1J; MJ. in. 429. St 



Ihm-inthe, p. 15,366; sq. m. 477. Shefford, p. 



; sq. m. 749. Terrebonne, p. 16,625; sq. m. 



T\v,. Mountains, p. 20,905; sq. m. 1086. 



Vaudreuil, p. 13,111; sq. m. 330. Vercheres, p. 



I -'.:; 1'J; sq. m. 198. Stanstead, p. 10,306; sq. m. 



Total pop. 290,050; sq. m. 54,' 



Three Rivers district contains six counties : 

 Champlain, p. 0991; sq. m. 783. Drummond, p. 

 8566; sq. m. 1074. Nicolet, p. 12,504; sq. m. 

 4S7. St Maurice, p. 16,909: sq. m. 9810. Sher- 

 brooke, p. 7104 ; sq. in. 278(5. Yamaska, p. 9496; 

 sq. m. 283. Total pop. 56,570 ; sq. m. 15,823. 



By the last census (1831) the population of Lower 

 Canada is thus classified : The number of pro- 

 prietors of real property is given at 57,891, and the 

 lAU-nt of land occupied by them at 3,981,793 

 statute acres. The number of persons living in 

 1831, who were deaf and dumb, is stated to have 

 been 408, the blind 334, and the insane 924. The 

 number of inhabitants professing the Roman Ca- 

 tholic faith, in 1831, is given at 403,472; the per- 

 sons in connection with the Church of England 

 were 34,620; those belonging to the Church of 

 Scotland amounted to 15,069. There were only 

 107 Jews ; the remainder of the population were 

 Methodists, Baptists, Presbyterians, not in con- 

 nection with the Church of Scotland, and other 

 sects. The number of families employed in ag- 

 riculture was 50,824, employing among them 

 as farm servants only 7,602 persons. There were 

 in the same year (1831) 2,503 families engaged in 

 commercial pursuits, and 1,282 persons subsisting 

 on alms. The number of inhabited houses is 

 stated to have been 82,437 the number being 

 built 1,458, and the vacant 1,542; making a total 

 of 85,437. 



The total seigneurial population of the counties, 

 according to the census of 1831, was 385,237, and 

 the total of the township population 52,695. The 

 seven counties from Ottawa to Megantic, inclusive, 

 either contain a majority or consist exclusively of 

 population resident in townships. Gaspe and 

 Bonaventure are inhabited by a very mixed popu- 

 lation, chiefly engaged in the fisheries. In the rest 

 of the counties the major part of the population is 

 seigneurial. The inhabitants of the seigneuries 

 may, for general purposes, be reckoned as French 

 by origin ; the inhabitants of the townships as 

 English. The census of 1831 estimated the whole 

 provincial population at 511,917, and stated the 

 number of Roman Catholics to be 403,472, leaving, 

 therefore, 108,445 to be Protestants, none of whom 

 could be of French origin. Of the Catholics, it is 

 reasonably estimated that 50,000 are of British 

 origin, and the statement must therefore be satis- 

 factory that in 1831 the total number of inhabi- 

 tants of British origin was 158,000, whilst that of 

 French origin was 353,000. 



The Upper Canadians are a different people from 

 the French habitans of the Lower province, the 

 former being of British (and in a few instances, of 

 American) birth or descent. The earliest Euro- 

 pean settlers in Upper Canada were some French 

 families, who settled near the banks of the Detroit 

 and on the St Lawrence, previous to the British 

 acquisition of the province; after which period, 

 the settlements of Europeans, or of loyal inhabi- 

 tants from the United States, began to be encour- 

 aged. In 1806 the population was estimated at 

 70,718, in 1811 at 77,000; but the war with the 



United States tended muoli to check the prosperity, 

 and with it the increase of population in the pro- 

 vince. According to some returns the number of 

 males and females stood in the following years 

 thus 1821, m. 65,792, f. 50,795 total, 122,587 ; 

 1828, m. 99,465, f. 89,093 total, 188,558; 1830, 

 m. 151,081, f. 100,386 total, 251,467. 



Happily, however, some more complete documents 

 than the foregoing are in existence, whicli are 

 the only returns furnished by the Colonial office, 

 to the statistical department of the board of trade. 



The Population of Upjter Canada, deduced from the return* 

 to the House of Anembly. 



The foregoing is exclusive of the Indian popula- 

 tion, whose numbers, though fast diminishing, 

 amount, according to some estimates, to 28,000. 



Quebec and Montreal are the shipping ports of 

 Upper as well as Lower Canada. 



The following is a statement of the number of 

 vessels cleared out at Quebec for the following 

 ports in 1833, 1834, 1835 : 



1833 Oct. 25 



1834 31 



1835 26 

 Loading 



LONDON. 



Ships. Tons. 



109 38,868 



111 37,723 



95 32,134 



21 6,989 



CL\DE. 

 Ships. Tons. 



17,263 

 17,000 

 20,622 

 4,092 



LIVERPOOL. 



Ships. 

 94 

 113 

 140 

 21 



1833 Oct. 25 43 



1834 31 38 



1835 26 45 

 Loading 9 



BELFAST. 

 Ships. Tons. 



1833 Oct. 25 31 8,424 



1834 31 44 12,211 

 1835, 26 39 11,496 

 Loading 3 943 



Tons. 

 30,168 

 40,254 

 52,184 



8,474 



DUBLIN. 

 Ships. Tons. 

 10,237 

 10,382 



C,';70 

 777 



CORK. 



Ships. Tons. 



35 10.767 51 



42 12,423 41 



19 6,270 24 



7 2,265 3 



HULL. SONDEHLAND. 



Ships. Tons. Ships. Tons. 



21 7,761 23 5,795 



34 12,363 20 4.<r>4 



34 11,738 15 3.933 



6 1,918 7 1,831 



The following enumeration of the articles (in 

 quantities) exported from Quebec by sea, in the 

 year ending 5th January, 1834, will indicate the 

 staple produce of the colony. 



Quebec. Ashes, pot, 7579 brls. Do. pearl, 

 5175 do. Apples, 388 do. Beef, 3909 do. Ditto, 

 half-barrels, 484. Beef, round, and Tongues, 

 18,887 Ibs. Butter, 26,936 do. Biscuit, 2 

 cwts. Flour, 59,651 brls. Fish: Alewives, do. 657. 

 Cod, 5617 cwts. Herrings and Mackarel, 575 brls. 

 Ditto. 175 boxes. Shad, 118 brls. Salmon, 101 



