CLOYNE CLUTTERBUCK. 



391 



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CLOYNE ; a market-town of Ireland, and the 

 seat of a diocese, is situated in the county of Cork, 

 fourteen miles E. by S. from Cork, and 126 S.W. 

 by W. from Dublin. It stands at a short distance 

 from the eastern shores of Cork harbour, and is 

 described as straggling and miserable ; it consists 

 principally of one street, the houses of which are 

 of an inferior description. It is a place of consi- 

 derable antiquity, as is likewise the bishopric of 

 which it is the seat, its cathedral having been 



founded by St Colman, in the sixth century. The 

 old name of the town is Cluaine, which signifies 

 in Irish " a cave," and it is supposed to have been 

 thus called, in consequence of the number of na- 

 tural caverns and subterranean passages existing in 

 the limestone-rock, of which the district is com- 

 posed. Population of the town 2220 ; of the parish 

 of Cloyne, 6410. 



The chief object of interest at Cloyne is its 

 Round Tower, one of those monuments of antiquity 

 concerning whose origin and use so much darkness 

 and perplexity exist, being variously supposed by 

 different classes of antiquaries to have been, the 

 abodes of solitary anchorites, the receptacles of 

 a " sacred fire," worshipped by the primitive inha- 

 bitants of Ireland, after the fashion of the east, 

 places of temporary penance, watch-towers 

 erected by the Danes, steeple-houses, and belfries. 



The Round Tower at Cloyne stands in the 

 street, on the side opposite to the church, and, as 

 usual, near its western front. This singular struc- 

 ture sustained considerable damage from lightning 

 in the middle of the last century; its height is 

 stated to be ninety-two feet, and the thickness of its 

 wall forty-three inches. 



Adjoining the town is the bishop's palace, a plain 

 edifice, which was built in the early part of the 

 last century by bishop Crowe. It stands in a 

 picturesque demesne, in which are the entrances to 

 some of the natural limestone caverns abounding 

 in this district. The ancient name of this spot 

 was Monelusky, or " Field of Caverns ;" and the 

 names of the neighbouring fields and grounds, says 

 Sir R. C. Hoare, " speak the savageness of this 

 place in former times." Thus Knocknamodree is 

 the " Hill of the Gray Dog, or Wolf ," Park na 

 Drislig, the "Field of Briars;" Monecranisky, the 

 " Meadow of the Wild Boars," &c. On the north 

 of the town is a hill called Bohermore, or the 

 " Great Highway," from a tradition that a road 

 passed over it from the sea in the south to the sea 

 on the north of the kingdom. 



CLUTTERBUCK, ROBERT, B. A., F. S. A., a 

 deputy lieutenant and magistrate for Hertfordshire, 

 and author of the history of that county, was born at 

 Watford, June 2, 1772. At an early age he was 

 sent to Harrow school ; and he continued there 

 until he was entered as a gentleman commoner of 

 Exeter college, Oxford. He subsequently took the 

 degree of B. A. ; and then entered at Lincoln's inn, 

 intending to make the law his profession : but his 

 ardour in the pursuit of chemistry, and in painting 

 (in which he took lessons of Barry), induced him, 

 after a residence of several years in London, to 

 abandon his original plans. In the year 1798, he 

 married Marianne, the eldest daughter of Colonel 

 James Capper, of the Hon. East India Company's 

 service ; and, after a few years' residence at the seat 

 of his father-in-law, Cathays, near Cardiff in Gla- 

 morganshire, he took possession of his paternal 

 estate at Watford, where he continued to reside 

 until his death. He there succeeded his father as 

 a magistrate ; and the impartiality and integrity 

 with which he executed the duties of that arduous 

 office, will be long remembered and appreciated by 

 the inhabitants of Watford and its vicinity. Dur- 

 ing the intervals of these public duties, Mr Clutter- 

 buck employed his active and well arranged mind in 

 collecting materials for a new edition of Chauncy's 

 History of Hertfordshire. These intentions he 

 publicly announced in the Gentleman's Magazine, 

 in 1809, but finding his manuscripts greatly accu- 



