BARNEY BAROMETER. 



427 



whilst serving in the schooner Wasp, in the Delaware 

 bay, during an action between the British brig Ten- 

 der and that vessel, which resulted in the capture of 

 the former under the very guns of two of the enemy's 

 ships. Soon after that aflair, he sailed in the 

 Sachem, captain Isaiah Robinson, in the capacity of 

 lieutenant, and brought into port a British brig, 

 taken after a severe action of two hours. On re- 

 turning from the West Indies, the Sachem, Andrew 

 Doria, and Lexington, made two prizes, on board of 

 one of which B. was placed as prize-master. But, 

 after beating about several days in a heavy gale of 

 wind, he was captured by the Perseus, of 20 guns. 

 The captain of the British vessel exchanged his 

 prisoners at Charleston, South Carolina. In the 

 spring of 1777, B. again joined the Andrew Doria, 

 and took part in the defence of the Delaware. He 

 was afterwards ordered to Baltimore, to join the 

 Virginia frigate, captain Nicholson, but, in attempt- 

 ing to get her to sea, the pilot ran her on shore, and 

 she was captured by the British. In August, 1778, 

 he was exchanged, but was soon again taken in the 

 Chesapeake bay, by a privateer of four guns and 

 sixty men, whilst commanding a schooner of two 

 guns and eight men. The United States having no 

 vessels, at this time, out of the Middle States, B. 

 accepted the offer of his old friend and commander, 

 captain Robinson, in November, 1778, to go with 

 him from Alexandria, in a ship, with a letter of 

 marque. After a severe action with the privateer 

 Rosebud, they arrived at Bordeaux, took a cargo of 

 brandy, mounted eighteen guns, and shipped seventy 

 men. On their return, they made a valuable prize, 

 after a running fight of nearly two days. B. took 

 command of the prize, and arrived safe in Philadel- 

 phia, in October, 1779. In 1780, he married the 

 daughter of alderman Bedford ; and, in the following 

 month, whilst going to Baltimore, was robbed of all 

 his fortune, which he had with him in paper money. 

 He returned to Philadelphia, without mentioning his 

 loss, and soon after went into service on board the 

 United States' ship Saratoga, of sixteen guns, com- 

 manded by captain James Young. The same year, 

 lie was taken prisoner by the British, and sent to 

 Plymouth, in England, where he was confined in the 

 Mill prison for some time, when he escaped in a 

 British officer's undress uniform. He was retaken, 

 but escaped again, and arrived in Philadelphia in 

 March, 1782. A few days afterwards, the state of 

 Pennsylvania gave him the command of the Hyder 

 Ally, a small ship of sixteen guns, in which he pro- 

 ceeded down the bay with a convoy. Whilst lying 

 in cape May road, waiting for a favourable wind, 

 three vessels were discovered standing in from sea, 

 one of which, the ship General Monk, captain Ro- 

 gers, of twenty guns, the Hyder Ally engaged, and 

 captured after a brisk fire of twenty-six minutes. 

 Thirty of the crew of the General Monk were killed, 

 and fifty-three wounded, besides fifteen out of sixteen 

 officers on board, killed or wounded. On board the 

 Hyder Ally, there were four killed and eleven wound- 

 ed. For this gallant exploit, the legislature of Penn- 

 sylvania voted B. a sword, which was presented to 

 him by the governor. The General Monk was sold, 

 and bought by Mr Morris for the United States, and 

 the command given to B., who sailed, with sealed 

 orders, in November, 1782, with despatches to doctor 

 Franklin, in Paris. He was well received at the 

 French court, and returned to Philadelphia with a 

 valuable loan from the French king a large sum of 

 money in chests of gold and barrels of silver and 

 brought with him a passport signed by the king of 

 England, and the information that the preliminaries 

 of peace were signed. In 1795, B. received th 

 commission of captain in the French service, and 



commanded a French squadron, but, in 1800, resigned 

 his command, and returned to America. In 1812, 

 when war was declared against Great Britain, he 

 offered his services to the general government, and 

 in 1813, was appointed to the command of the flotilla 

 for the defence of the Chesapeake. During the 

 summer of 1814, whilst in that situation, he kept up 

 an active warfare with the enemy, until the 1st of 

 July, when he was ordered to Washington, to consult 

 about the expected invasion, and the means of de- 

 fending the capital. He returned to the flotilla on 

 the 3d. On the 16th, the enemy entered the Patu- 

 xent ; and, on the 21st, the commodore landed most 

 of his men, and joined general Winder, at the Wood- 

 yard, where he found captain Miller and his marines, 

 with five pieces of artillery, which were placed under 

 his command. He proceeded with his force to the 

 city, and was ordered to protect the bridge ; but, the 

 next day, with the permission of the president, he 

 set out for Bladensburg, with his guns and men, to 

 join the army. He had scarcely reached the field 

 of battle, when he perceived the Americans in full 

 retreat, and the enemy advancing. He, however, 

 kept up a brisk fire upon the British for some time, 

 but was at length obliged to order a retreat, when 

 in great danger of being surrounded by the enemy, 

 and having himself received a wound in the thigh. 

 In withdrawing, he fell, from weakness caused by 

 loss of blood, and was found in this situation by the 

 enemy, by whom he was treated with kindness, and 

 carried in a litter to the town of Bladensburg. His 

 wife, one of his sons, and his surgeon, came to him 

 on the 27th of August, and, after a night's rest, car- 

 ried him home. The wound had been probed by the 

 British surgeons, but without finding the ball. His 

 surgeon was equally unsuccessful, and it was never 

 extracted. The corporation of Washington voted 

 him a sword, and the legislature of Georgia passed a 

 vote of thanks to him for his conduct. The follow- 

 ing May, he was sent on a mission to Europe, and 

 returned, in October, to Baltimore, where he found 

 himself crippled by his wound. After remaining at 

 his farm on Elkridge until his strength was restored, 

 he removed to Baltimore, but, in the course of a few 

 months, came to the determination of emigrating, with 

 his family, to Kentucky. He set out in consequence, 

 having made every necessary preparation, but, at 

 Pittsburg, was taken ill, and died, Dec. 1, 1818, in 

 the sixtieth year of his age. Every honour was paid 

 to his memory. Commodore Barney was a remarka- 

 bly handsome man, an able, thorough seaman, and a 

 most acute and spirited officer. 



BAROCCIO, or BAROZZI, Frederic, a famous painter 

 of the Roman school, was born at Urbino, in 1528; 

 died in 1612. He studied at Venice, and copied 

 much after Titian. When he went to Rome, Raphael 

 exerted the same influence over him which Titian 

 had done before. He afterwards endeavoured' to 

 adopt the style of Correggio, but not with equal suc- 

 cess. His colouring remained monotonous. Mengs 

 censures him for always representing objects as if 

 they were seen in the air, between transparent clouds, 

 and for endeavouring to make the most opposite 

 colours harmonize merely by means of the light. 

 He is not free from mannerism. Among his best 

 works are the Flight of -Eneas, or the Conflagration 

 of Troy, engraved by Agostino Carracci, and to be 

 found in the former gallery Borghese ; the Descent 

 from the Cross, at Perugia, and a burying piece, en 

 graved by Sideler. 



BAROMETER ; an instrument for measuring the 

 weight of the air and the variations of its pressure, 

 in order to determine changes in the weather, the 

 height of mountains, or the approach of the mariner 

 to land. This most useful instrument had its origin 

 3 HI a 



