628 



liORDENTOWN 



The principal vineyards are those of Muloc, 

 Graves, Palu>, and Vignes Blanches ; after the-e, 

 those of Entredeux-Mers, St Emilion, uiul the Hour- 

 geais are the most important. Tin- first growtli of 

 Modoc, Graves, Palus, ami Vines Blanche,; after 

 these, those of Entredeux-Mers, St Emilion, and the 

 Bourgeais, an- the most iiniioruinl. The first growth 

 of Medoc are the famous wines of Chateaux-Margaux, 

 I .alkie, and Latour. The iMjitte is characterized by 

 iis silky sotiness ou the palate, and a perfume |-;,r- 

 taking of violet and raspberry. The Latour is fuller, 

 has more aroma, but less softness. The Chateaux- 

 Murgaux is lighter than tin- Latour, and delicate, 

 like the l.'ijitt,-, but has not MI high a flavour. Of 

 the second growth, we may mention the Hauran and 

 tin: Leoville. The average produce of the first 

 growth is 100 lonneau (of 217 gallons each). The 

 soil of Medoc is a sandy and calcarious loam. The 

 gravelly lands (let Graves), to the south and west of 

 Bourdeaux, produce the Graves. The first growth 

 of the red Graves is the Haut-Brion, which rivals the 

 first growth of Medoc ; it has more colour and body, 

 but is inferior in aroma and taste. The principal 

 white Graves are St Bris and Carbonieux. The best 

 Medoc ought to be kept three or four years before 

 removal ; the Graves five or six. The wines of Pa- 

 lus, which is a bed of rich alluvial deposits, are infe- 

 rior to the preceding; they are stronger and more 

 deeply coloured than those of Medoc. Being hard 

 and rough, Uiey are improved by a voyage, and are 

 principally sent to the East Indies and America as 

 vint de cargaison, or are mixed with Medoc, which 

 is intended for exportation. By the voyage, they 

 become more light and delicate, but are not to be 

 compared with the growths of Medoc and the Graves. 

 The best are Queynes and Mt. Ferrand. The for- 

 mer are deeply coloured, and have much body. Age 

 gives them an agreeable aroma, resembling that ot a 

 raspberry. 



Among the white Bordelais wines, besides those 

 already mentioned, the finest growths are Sauternes, 

 Preignac, Barsac, -and Bommes. Martillac and St 

 Medard are of a good quality, and have lightness and 

 body. Dariste, formerly Dulamon, is equal to St 

 Bris and Carbonicux. Among other red wines are 

 the Bourgeais, which are of a line colour, and acquire 

 by age lightness and an agreeable almond aroma : of 

 all the Bordelais wines, they most resemble the Bur- 

 gundy wines. The first growths are Debosquet, 

 <_ hateau-Rousset, Tajac, and Falfax. The Bourgeais 

 wines were formerly preferred to Medoc. The wines 

 of St Emilion have been much esteemed. The Fron- 

 sac and Ganon are the best. Those of Entre-deux- 

 Mers become agreeable with age. The vim de C6- 

 tes are good vins ordinaires : they are generally 

 fermes and hard, and improve by age. The best are 

 those of Bassens and Cenon. Those of St Gervais, 

 Cadillac, and St Romain, are soft and agreeable. 

 (For further information, see Le Guide ou Conducteur 

 de CEtrunger a Bordeaux; second edition, Bour- 

 deaux, 1827, which contains a minute account of the 

 wines raised in the neighbourhood of Bourdeaux. 

 See, also, Henderson's History of the Ancient and 

 Modern Wines, 4to, London. 1824.) 



BORDENTOWN is a small pleasant town in New Jer- 

 sey ; on the east side of the Delaware, twenty-six 

 miles N. E. of Philadelphia. It was some time the 

 residence of Joseph Bonaparte. 



BORDONE, Paris, a celebrated painter of the Vene- 

 tian school, born at Treviso, in 1500, died in 1570. 

 Under Titian, he made rapid progress in painting. 

 The execution of many works for his native city and 

 for Venice, spread his fame as far as France, whither 

 he was invited by the king. The galleries of Dres- 

 den and Vienna possess several of his pieces. His 



most famous picture is the Old Gondolier presenting 

 a liing to the Doge ; it is painted in oil, and now to 

 be seen at Venice. 



BOREAL; northern. 



BOREAS ; the north wind, worshipped by the Greeks 

 as a deity, residing in Thrace, and represented with 

 wings, which, as well as liis hair and beard, were full 

 of flakes of snow; instead of feet, he had the tails of 

 serpents, and, with the train of his garment, lie stirred 

 up clouds of dust. Boreas was the son of A sirens 

 and of Aurora. When Apollo and his favourite Hy- 

 acinthns were once playing at quoits, he blew Un- 

 quote of the former, of whom lie was jealous, upon 

 the head of the yeuth, who was killed l>y the blow. 

 By Orithya, daughter of Erectheus of Athens, he \\..> 

 father of Cleopatra, Chione, Calais, and Zetes. The 

 last two partook in the Argonautic expedition. 



BORGHESE ; a Roman family, which derives its ori- 

 gin from Sienna. They have held Uie highest offices 

 in this republic, from the middle of the fifteenth cen- 

 tury. Pope Paul V., who belonged to this family, 

 and ascended the papal chair in 1605, loaded his re- 

 lations with honours and riches. In 1607, lie ap- 

 pointed his brother, Francesco B., leader of the troops 

 sent against Venice to maintain the papal claims ; 

 bestowed the principality of Sulmone on Marco An- 

 tonio B., the son of his brother Giovanni Battistn ; 

 granted him a revenue of 150,000 dollars, and ob- 

 tained for him the title of a grandee of Spain. Another 

 of his nephews, Scipione Caflarelli, he created cardi- 

 nal, and made him adopt the name of B. From Marco 

 Antonio B., prince of Sulmone, is descended the rich 

 family of B., which is continued in the prince Camiilo 

 B. and his brother Francesco, prince B. Aldobrandini. 

 See Cenci. 



BORGHESE, Maria Pauline, princess, the beautiful 

 sister of Napoleon, was born at Ajaccio, October 20, 

 1780. When the English occupied Corsica, in 17U3, 

 she went to Marseilles, where she was on the point 

 of marrying Freron, a member of the convention, 

 and son of that critic whom Voltaire made famous, 

 when another lady laid claim to his hand. The 

 beautiful Pauline was then intended for general 

 Duphot, who was afterwards murdered at Rome, in 

 December, 1797 ; but she bestowed her hand, from 

 choice, on general Leclerc, then at Milan, who had 

 been, in 1795, chief of the general staff of a division 

 at Marseilles, and had there fallen in love with her. 

 When Leclerc was sent to St Domingo, with the 

 rank of captain-general, Napoleon ordered her to 

 accompany her husband with her son. She embarked, 

 in December, 1801, at Brest, and was called, by the 

 poets of the fleet, the Galatea of the Greeks, Uie Venus 

 marina. Her statue, in marble, has since been made by 

 Canova, at Rome a successful image of the goddess 

 of beauty. She was no less courageous than beauti- 

 ful, for when the Negroes, under Christophe, stormed 

 'Cape Francois, where she resided, and Leclerc, who 

 could no longer resist the assailants, ordered his lady 

 and child to be carried on shipboard, she yielded only 

 to force. After the death of her husband, Nov. 23, 

 1802, she married, at Morfontaine, Nov. 6, 1803, the 

 prince Camiilo Borghese.* Her son died at Rome 



Camiilo Philip Louis Borghese, formerly duke of Gusu 

 s'alla, prince of France, &c., was born in 1770, at Rome. 

 When the French invaded Italy, he entered their service, 

 and showed great attachment to tbe cause of France, in Ar- 

 ticular to general Bonaparte. In 1804, he became a Frenci. 

 prince, and grand cross of the legion of honour, and, at the 

 breaking out of the war against Austria, in 1805, commander 

 of a squadron of the imperial guard. After its termination, 

 his wife received the duchy of Guastalla, and he was cre- 

 ated duke of Guastalla. After having served, jn 1806, in 

 the campaign against the Prussians and Russians, and 

 after having been sent to Warsaw to prepare the Poles for 

 a revolt, the emperor appointed him trovernor-general of 



