HOUIIBON. 



< 'hinehon, daughter of an Arragonian captain of in- 

 fantry, have sprung don Louis Maria of Bourbon, 

 archbishop of Toleuo ; Caroline Josephine Antoine, 

 wife of don Manuel Godoy, prince of peace ; and 

 Maria Louisa of Bourbon, who married, in 1817, the 

 duke of San Fernando, grandee of Spain. 



i'. The collateral branch of the royal French line 

 of Bourbon-Orleans, which, by the first French revo- 

 lution, lost the peerage of that name, and by the se- 

 cond gained the throne of France, is the following : 

 1. Louis Philip, duke of Bourbon-Orleans (now king 

 of the. French), l>orn 1773; j. Eugenie Adelaide 

 Louise, mademoiselle d"Orleans, sister of the duke of 

 Orleans born 1777. 



/'. Of tin- line of Conde, second branch of the 

 house of B., i he following individuals, of the branch 

 nl Bourbon-Condi', were living in 1826: Louis 

 Henry Joseph, duke of B., son of Louis Joseph, 

 duke of B., prince of Conde (see Conde), who died in 

 1818. (His sister Louise Adelaide, princess of Conde, 

 lx>rn in 1757, lived in England, in a convent at Nor- 

 folk ; in 1768, was abbess at Remiremont ; entered 

 a convent at Turin in 1795 ; became, in December, 

 1816, directress of a convent at Paris, and died March 

 10, 1824.) Charles Charolois, prince of Conde, had 

 two natural daughters, afterwards legitimated, one of 

 whom, Charlotte Margaret Elizabeth mademoiselle de 

 Bourbon, married the count of Lowendahl. The 

 second branch, Bourbon- Conti, became extinct by 

 the death of Louis Francis Joseph of B., prince of 

 Conti, March 13, 1814. In 1815, Louis XVIII. 

 granted his two natural sons, the lords of Hattonville 

 and Removille, permission to assume the name and 

 arms of Bourbon-Conti. The countess of Mont-Cair- 

 Zaim, Gabrielle Louisa, is considered as the natural 

 laughter of prince Louis of Bourbon-Conti. She was 

 a knight of the order of the. Holy Ghost, belonged to 

 the legion of honour, and died at Paris, seventy 

 years of age. March 29, 1825. She served in a 

 regiment of dragoons with honour for some time. 

 Goethe took the materials forhis "Eugenia, the Natural 

 Daughter," from the biography of this lady, published 

 in 1798. (See Histoire du Bourbonnais et des Bour- 

 bons, by CoiffierDemoret, member of the chamber of 

 deputies, Paris, 1818, two vols. ; and Achaintre's 

 Histoire chronologique et geneologique de la Maison 

 royale de Bourbon, Paris, 1824, two vols.) The 

 Memoires relatifs a. la Famille royale de France pen- 

 dant la Revolution, publies d'apres le Journal, fyc. de 

 la Princesse de Lamballe (Paris, 1826, two vols.), is, 

 throughout, a miserable work. 



BOURBON, Ch..rles, duke of, or constable of Bourbon, 

 son of Gilbert, count of Montpensier, and Clara of 

 Gonzaga, was born in 14-89 ; received from Francis 

 I., in the twenty sixth year of his age, the sword of 

 constable. By the coolness with which he faced 

 death in posts of the greatest hazard, he excited the 

 admiration of his fellow soldiers. When viceroy of 

 Milan, he won all hearts by his frankness and affa- 

 bility. His fame was not yet tarnished, when the 

 injustice of his king deprived him of his offices, 

 banished him from France, and brought the family of 

 Bourbon into disgrace, in which state it continued 

 until the conclusion of the reign of Henry III. Some 

 historians declare, that the duchess of Angouleme, 

 mother of Francis I., had fallen in love with the 

 young constable, and could not endure the contempt 

 with which he treated her passion : others relate, 

 that, influenced by avaricious motives, she laid claim 

 to the estates of Charles of B., and obtained posses- 

 sion of them by a judicial process. Whatever may 

 be the true cause of her conduct, it is certain that she 

 strove to invalidate a formal donation of Louis XII. 

 The constable, enraged at seeing himself deprived 

 of his estates by the mother of the king whom he 



had served with so much fidelity and zeal, listened to 

 the proposals made him by Charles V. and the king 

 of England. He experienced the usual fate of 

 deserters : he was well received while his services 

 were needed, but narrowly watched to secure liis 

 fidelity. Exposed as he was to the contempt of the 

 Spanish nobility and the jealousy of the generals of 

 Charles V., nothing remained to him but his courage 

 and repentance. His ability, however, induced the 

 emperor to bestow upon him the command of an 

 army, and to treat him with honour. He was already 

 beyond the confines of France, when Francis I. sent 

 to demand the sword which he bore as constable, 

 and the badge of his order. His answer displays 

 the anguish of his heart " The king took from me 

 my sword at Valenciennes, when he gave to d'Alenrjon 

 the command of the vanguard, which belonged to 

 me : the badge of my order I left under my pillow 

 at Chantelles." His flight was a misfortune to 

 France ; the expedition of Francis into Italy was 

 arrested. Having been appointed to the command 

 of the imperial troops, he made an unsuccessful 

 attack upon Marseilles, but contributed greatly to 

 the victory of Pavia. When Francis was carried a 

 prisoner to Madrid, he went there in person, that he 

 might not be forgotten in the treaties between the 

 two monarchs ; but Charles V. delayed concluding 

 them, and B. discovered that he could not trust the 

 emperor, who had even promised him his sister in 

 marriage. Compelled to smother his resentment, he 

 returned to Milan, maintained possession of Italy by 

 the terror of his arms, and obtained so much authority 

 as to become an object of suspicion to the emperor, 

 who, in order to weaken him, refused to grant him 

 the necessary supplies. In order to prevent the 

 dispersion of his army, he led the soldiers to the siege 

 of Rome, the plunder of which city he promised 

 them. He was the first to mount the breach, and 

 was killed, May 6, 1527, by a ball, shot, it is said, by 

 Benvenuto Cellini. He died excommunicated, with- 

 out issue, in the thirty-eighth year of his age. His 

 body being conveyed to Gaeta, his soldiers erected 

 over it a splendid monument, which was afterwards 

 destroyed. 



BOURBON, Louis, cardinal and archbishop of To- 

 ledo ; born 1777 ; son of the infant Louis, brother 

 of king Charles III. of Spain, and the duchess of 

 Chinchon. The marriage was concluded with the 

 royal assent : nevertheless, it was doubted, after the 

 death of Charles III., whether the prince would be 

 lawful heir to the throne, if a male descendant of the 

 old line should be wanting. He therefore entered 

 the church, and a cardinal's liat was given to him in 

 1800. After the imprisonment of Ferdinand VII. at 

 Valencay, he joined the party of the cortes, and be- 

 came very influential. He offered, in 1814, the 

 constitution of the cortes to Ferdinand VII. for his 

 ignature. ; and, the king having altered his determi- 

 nation, B. lost his favour, and was deprived of the 

 archbishopric of Seville. After the events which 

 took place on the insurrection of the army at the 

 island of Leon, he engaged in the revolution, and 

 was president of the provisional junta before which 

 the king swore, at Madrid, March 9, 1820, to abide 

 by the constitution of the cortes of 1812. He died 

 March 19, 1823. 



BOURBON, Isle of; situated in the Indian ocean, 

 about 400 miles east of Madagascar ; lat. 20 51' S. ; 

 Ion. 55 2O* E. It is 48 miles long and 36 broad. It 

 was discovered by Mascarenhas, a Portuguese, in 

 1545, who called H, by his own name. The French 

 took possession of it in 1649, and gave it the name of 

 B. At different periods of the revolution, it was 

 Reunion and Bonaparte. It was captured by the 

 British in 1810. and restored to France in 1815. 



