CAMBRIDGE UAMBYSES. 



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fa railed the commencement. The nobility are entitled 

 to degrees without waiting the statutable time. The 

 public library occupies the four sides of a quadrangle 

 over the schools, and contains 1 40,000 volumes. The 

 Fitzwilliam museum comprehends the collection of 

 books, paintings, drawings, engravings, left by the 

 viscount Fitzwilliam in 1815. The observatory is 

 placed under the Plumian professor of astronomy and 

 two assistant observers. See Fuller's History of 

 Cambridge University ; Dyer's History, London, 1814, 

 2 vols. 8vo, and the University Calendar. 



CAMBRIDGE; a post-town in Middlesex county, 

 Massachusetts, on the north side of Charles river, 

 three miles W. N. W. of Boston. Population, in 1820, 

 3,295. C. consists of three principal parts or divi- 

 sions, namely, Old Cambridge, which contains the 

 university, a state arsenal, a congregational meeting- 

 house, an Episcopal church, c. ; Cambridge-Port, 

 which is a considerable trading village, containing 

 four houses of public worship, and is connected with 

 Boston by West Boston bridge ; East Cambridge, a 

 flourishing manufacturing village, which is situated 

 on Lechmere point, is connected with Boston by 

 Craigie's or Canal bridge, and contains a court-house, 

 a jail, a large glass manufactory, and three houses of 

 public worship. The university in C., the oldest in 

 the United States, was incorporated in 1638, and 

 named Harvard college, from its principal founder. 

 Its endowments have been since greatly increased by 

 donations from the state, as well as by numerous acts 

 of private bounty ; and, with regard to funds, library, 

 professorships, and literary advantages in general, it 

 is the first institution of the kind in America. It 

 comprises a department for under graduates, and one 

 for students preparing for each of the learned profes- 

 sions, theology, law, and medicine. The principal 

 college buildings are, university hall, an elegant 

 edifice of granite, containing a chapel, lecture rooms, 

 dining hahs, &c. ; Harvard hall, a brick edifice, con- 

 taining the library, philosophical apparatus, and mi- 

 neralogical cabinet ; four other brick edifices, called 

 Massachusetts, Hollis, Stoughton, and Holworthy 

 halls, each four stories high, containing rooms for the 

 accommodation of under-graduates ; divinity hall, a 

 large brick edifice for the accommodation of the 

 theological students ; and Holden chapel, containing 

 the anatomical museum, chemical laboratory, and 

 lecture rooms. The library is the largest in the 

 union, and contains about 30,000 volumes. The phi- 

 losophical apparatus is probably not surpassed by any 

 in the country. The chemical laboratory, anatomical 

 museum, and cabinet of minerals, are all valuable. 

 The botanic garden comprises seven acres, laid out 

 in an ornamental style, and is furnished with an in- 

 teresting collection of trees, shrubs, and plants, both 

 native and foreign. The legislative government is 

 intrusted to a corporation, consisting of the president 

 of the university and six fellows, and to a board of 

 overseers, composed of the president, the governor of 

 the state, lieutenant-governor, members of the council 

 and senate, and the speaker of the house of represen- 

 tatives, ex ojficiis, together with thirty others, fifteen 

 clergymen, and fifteen laymen, elected for the pur- 

 pose. The officers of the university, to whom the 

 business of instruction is confided, are a president, 

 twenty-one professors, two tutors, and several instruc- 

 tors. The president, a part of the professors, and 

 the tutors, constitute the immediate government of the 

 institution. The course of education requisite to obtain 

 tue first degree in arts in this university, as in Ame- 

 rican colleges generally, is completed in four years. 

 In the theological school the course of education is 

 completed in three years, and the students are divided 

 into three classes, junior, middle, and senior. Tui- 

 tion is afforded free of expense to all pupils in this 

 i. 



school, and further assistance is given to t;uch as nre 

 indigent^ Graduates of any college, of good moral 

 character, may be admitted to share in all the bene- 

 fits of this institution. The law school was established 

 in 1817. Candidates for admission must be graduates 

 of some college, or qualified, according to the rules 

 of court, to become students at Jaw. Students in this 

 department, who are graduates of a college, complete 

 their education in three years. Those who are not 

 graduates complete it in five years. The lectures for 

 the medical students are delivered in Boston, at the 

 Massachusetts medical college, which is a spacious 

 edifice of brick, and contains a medical library of about 

 4,000 volumes. They commence annually on the third 

 Wednesday in November, and continue three months. 

 In order to obtain a degree of M. D., it is necessary 

 for a student to attend two courses of lectures, and to 

 pass three years, including the time occupied in at- 

 tending the lectures, under the direction of some re- 

 gular practitioner. In 1829 the number of under 

 graduates was 252, theological students 42, law stu- 

 dents 24, medical students 8M ; total, 401. Com- 

 mencement is on the last Wednesday in August. 

 The academical year is divided into three terms and 

 three vacations. The first vacation is of two weeks, 

 from the Wednesday preceding the 25th day of De- 

 cember ; the second of two weeks, from the first Wed- 

 nesday in April ; and the third, the six weeks next 

 preceding commencement. 



CAMBRIDGE MANUSCRIPT, or BEZA'S MANUSCRIPT ; a 

 copy of the Gospels and Acts of the Apostles in 

 Greek and Latin. Beza found it in the monastery of 

 Irenaeus at Lyons, in 1562, and gave it to the univer- 

 sity of Cambridge in 1582. It is a quarto, and writ- 

 ten on vellum. Sixty-six leaves of it are much torn 

 and mutilated, and ten of these are supplied by a 

 later transcriber. The age of this MS. is differently 

 estimated by different writers, but all agree tl-at it is 

 of great antiquity. The most competent judges con- 

 sider it one of th most ancient. In the Greek it is 

 defective from the beginning to Matthew i. 20 ; in the 

 Latin, to Matthew i. 12 ; besides which it has some 

 other chasms. Wetstein, Griesbach, Michaelis, and 

 several others, have written upon this MS. 



CAMBOSLANG ; a parish in Lanarkshire, on the west 

 bank of the Clyde. It is beautifully diversified with 

 hill and dale ; but there are no high lands in the pa- 

 rish, except Dichmount and Turrilea hills, which form 

 a ridge of almost half a mile broad. From this ridge 

 the ground declines gently, with many beautiful 

 swellings to the Clyde and to Calder water, which 

 bounds the parish for several miles. A considerable 

 part of the land is cultivated and well sheltered with 

 plantations. There is abundance of freestone and 

 coal in the district. East Coats, West Coats, Sauchie 

 Bog, and Kirkhill, are the villages it contains, which 

 are inhabited almost entirely by colliers and weav- 

 ers. Prior to the reformation, the church of Cambus- 

 lang belonged to a prebend of Glasgow cathedr.il. 

 Cumbuslang has obtained a notoriety in Scottish cc- 

 clesiasticalliistory, by the extraordinary religious ef- 

 fervescence which occurred in the years 1741-2, yet 

 remembered popularly under the tide of " Camb's 

 lang Wark." Population in 1831, 2,697. 



CAMBUSNKTHAN ; a parish situated in the middle 

 ward of Lanarkshire, on the north-east bank of the 

 Clyde, from which it stretches in an easterly direction 

 to the verge of the county, a distance of thirteen 

 miles Jby three in breadth. The village of Cambus- 

 nethan is situated on a cross road to the east, near 

 the ro;ul from Glasgow to Lanark, from the former 

 of which places it is distant fifteen miles. It is some- 

 times styled the Neiv Town of JVishaw. It has now 

 an extensive distillery. Population in 1831, 3,824. 



CAMBVSES, 1. the son of Cyrus the Great and of 

 4 Y 



