GLOBULAR CHART GLOVES. 



485 



passing through the pole of the equinoctial, the other 

 through the pole of the ecliptic. The poetical rising 

 and setting of the stars, is so called because the 

 ancient poets referred the rising and setting of the 

 stars to the sun. When a star rose with the sun, or 

 set when the sun rose, it was said to rise and set 

 cosmically. When a star rose at sunsetting, or set 

 with the sun, it was said to rise and set achronically. 

 When a star first became visible in the morning, after 

 having been so near the sun as to be hid by the 

 splendour of his rays, it was said to rise heliacally, 

 and when a star first became invisible in the even- 

 ing, on account of its nearness to the sun, it was said 

 to set heliacalty. A constellation is an assemblage 

 of stars, on the surface of the celestial globe, circum- 

 scribed by the outlines of some assumed figure, as a 

 bull, a bear, a lion, &c. This division of the stars 

 into constellations, directs us to any part of the hea- 

 vens where a particular star is situated. The zodia- 

 cal constellations are twelve in number ; the northern 

 constellations forty-one, and the southern forty-six, 

 making in the whole ninety-nine. The largest stars 

 are called star so/ the first magnitude. Those of the 

 sixth magnitude are the smallest that can be seen by 

 the naked eye. 



GLOBULAR CHART; a name given to the 

 representation of the surface, or of some part of the 

 surface, of the terrestrial globe, upon a plane 

 wherein the parallels of latitude are circles, nearly 

 concentric, the meridian curves bending towards 

 the poles, and the rhumb-lines are also curves. See 

 Map. 



GLOGAU, or GROSS-GLOGAU, an important 

 Prussian fortress in Silesia, in the government of 

 Liegnitz, not far from the Oder, with 11_,200 inhabi- 

 tants, of whom 1230 are Jews, is the seat of a supe- 

 rior court, and has a Lutheran and a Catholic 

 gymnasium. The last duke of Glogau died in 1467, 

 and the principality fell to the crown of Bohemia. 

 Frederic the Great took Glogau in 1741, and 

 strengthened its fortifications. After the battle of 

 Jena, the French occupied it until 1814, when it was 

 delivered up to the Prussians, according to the terms 

 of the armistice concluded with the then count 

 d'Artois. The city has some manufactories, and a 

 brisk inland trade. Lat. N. 51 38' ; Ion. E. 16 J 6' 

 53". Twenty leagues N.W. of Breslau. 



GLORIA IN EXCELSIS, GLORIA PATRI ; 

 glory to God in the highest. See Doxology. 



GLORTOSA SUPERBA ; an ornamental plant, 

 native of India, and belonging to the natural order 

 liliacece. The root is perennial ; the stem herbace- 

 ous, weak, from six to ten feet high, bearing two 

 opposite lateral branches ; the leaves alternate, ter- 

 minating in tendrils ; the flowers remarkably elegant, 

 of a beautiful red and yellow colour, provided with 

 six long, lanceolate undulated petals, which are 

 entirely reflexed. It is a tender stove plant, and 

 great heat is necessary to produce the flowers. Dur- 

 ing winter, the roots should be kept in a warm place, 

 packed in dry sand, without water. 



GLOSS ; the explanation of an obscure word, par- 

 ticularly of an antiquated or obsolete word. Hence 

 glossist, an interpreter, and glossary, a collection of 

 such words. A kind of poems, which originated in 

 Spain and Portugal , and has been imitated in G ermany, 

 is called gloss. It begins with a theme of two, three, 

 or more verses, which is developed in an equal num- 

 ber of stanzas, each of which ends with one of those 

 verses, in the order in which they originally stand. 

 The two Schlegels call them s\\w variations, because 

 they resemble variations in music. 



GLOTTIS (from yA^rra, the tongue); the supe- 

 rior opening of the larynx at the bottom of the 

 tongue. 



GLOUCESTER; a city of England, the capital 

 of the county of the same name, on the Severn, about 

 thirty miles above its junction with the Bristol chan- 

 nel. The chief manufactory at Gloucester is that of 

 pins, which is the most extensive in the kingdom ; 

 and a bell foundery has also been long established. 

 The city consists chiefly of four spacious streets, 

 meeting each other in the centre. The public build- 

 ings are handsome ; but the chief object of interest 

 is the cathedral of St Peter, originally the abbey. 

 This building combines in one specimen the archi- 

 tecture of successive ages, the Norman and Saxon 

 with some of the finest examples of the Gothic or 

 English. Gloucester contains, also, five parish 

 churches, several meeting-houses, and a synagogue; 

 two grammar schools, a charity school, and several 

 hospitals. A mineral spring, surpassing those of 

 Cheltenham in its powers, has been discovered. A 

 handsome pump-room has been erected, with hot, 

 cold, and vapour baths. Gloucester is the see of a 

 bishop. It returns two members to parliament, the 

 number of electors being 2000. It is governed by a 

 mayor, twelve aldermen, &c. Population, 11,933. 



GLOVER, RICHARD, an English poet, was the 

 son of Richard Glover, a merchant of London, where 

 he was born in 1712. Being intended for trade, 

 although he received a classical education at a pri- 

 vate school, it was not followed up by an attendance 

 at either university. He early displayed an attach- 

 ment to the belles-lettres, and, when only sixteen, 

 wrote some verses to the memory of Sir Isaac New- 

 ton, which obtained considerable attention. In 1737, 

 he published the epic poem of Leonidas, which was 

 favoured by the party in opposition to Sir Robert 

 Walpole, headed by Frederic prince of Wales. It 

 abounds in noble sentiments, considerably varied by 

 incident and description ; but it wants interest, and 

 is not sufficiently imaginative for lasting popularity. 

 The Progress of Commerce followed in 1739; one of 

 the objects of which was to rouse a spirit of national 

 hostility against the Spaniards and the ministry a 

 purpose which was much more effectually answered 

 by his celebrated ballad of Hosier's Ghost. In 1742, 

 he was chosen by the London merchants to conduct an 

 application to parliament complaining of the neglect 

 of trade ; and the speech which he pronounced at the 

 bar of the house was printed, and much applauded. 

 While rising to notice, as a public man, however, he 

 became embarrassed in his private affairs, and made 

 a temporary but honourable retreat, with a view to 

 greater economy. In 1753, his tragedy of Boadicea 

 was performed at Drury-lane theatre, with partial 

 success. His Medea, imitated from Euripides and 

 Seneca, in 1761, obtained greater attention. About 

 this time, being chosen member of parliament for 

 Weymouth, he was esteemed by the mercantile in- 

 terest as an active and able supporter. He died in 

 November, 1785, at the age of seventy-three. He 

 left behind him another epic poem, forming a sequel 

 to Leonidas, entitled the Athenaid, which was pubr 

 lished in 1788, but attracted little attention. 



GLOVES, with respect to commerce, are distin- 

 guished into wash or tan leather, silk, thread, cotton, 

 worsted, &c. Leathern gloves are made of the skin 

 of the chamois, kid, lamb, doe, elk, &c. The leather 

 of gloves is not tanned, properly speaking, but cured 

 with alum, which renders it soft and pliable, ana 

 easy for the liands. The Limerick gloves, likewise 

 called chicken gloves, are made of leather, and are 

 remarkably fine. These gloves are manufactured in 

 the city of Ireland from which they derive their 

 name, and whence they have, from time to time, been 

 sent to most parts of Europe, the East Indies, and 

 America. The Limerick gloves are mostly worn by 

 ladies. There is a good imitation made at Wood- 



