LONDONLONDONDERRY. 



531 



POPULATION OF THE CITY OF LONDON, 



Crntents of the article London. 



Historical Sketch, .. .. .. .. 522 



! General Description, .. .. .. 523 



Public Buildings, .. .. . .. 525 



Civil Government, .. .. .. 526 



Churches, Charities, Societies, &c. .. . 527 



Manufactures, .. .. .. .. 528 



Commerce, .. .. .. .. .. ib. 



Population. .. .. . .. 530 



LONDONDERRY ; one of the nine counties of 

 Ulster, Ireland, is hounded on the north by the 

 Atlantic Ocean, on the west by Lough Foyle and 

 the county Donegal, on the south by Tyrone county, 

 and on the east by Lough Neagh, the river Mann, 

 and part of the county of Antrim. It forms an irre- 

 gular triangle, including an area of 798 square miles, 

 about a fourth part of which is occupied with bleak 

 highlands, from 1200 to 1600 feet in elevation, 

 running southward from the coast through the 

 whole country. Some fertile places are interspersed 

 between the hills. The principal rivers are the 

 Foyle or Green River, and the Bann, or White 

 River. The city of Londonderry or Derry, and 

 Colraine are the only places of consideration in the 

 county. Population, in 1841, 222 174. 



LONDONDERRY, or DERRY, a city and 

 county of itself in Ulster, situated 150 miles 

 N. b. W. from Dublin, and about four miles south 

 of Culmore Fort, which latter is at the entrance of 

 that river into the great estuary called Lough Foyle. 

 It stands upon a high conical hill, crowned by the 

 cathedral. It is a place of ancient foundation, an 

 abbey having been erected here in 546, by St 

 Columb. It was plundered by the Danes, and 

 educed to ashes by those barbarians about the 



year 783 ; and it was erected into an episcopal 

 see in 1158. Upon the plantation of Ulster, in 

 the reign of James I., this city and liberties, with 

 other estates, were granted to the twelve corpora- 

 tions of London, who may be said to have built the 

 greatest part, and given to the whole the praenomen 

 of London. The old city is enclosed by fortifica- 

 tions, consisting of a thick earthen rampart, faced 

 with limestone, and flanked with bastions, placed at 

 short intervals. They afford, at the present day, an 

 agreeable promenade to the inhabitants, and com- 

 mand extensive and beautiful views. The most 

 conspicuous event in the history of this place, is 

 that commonly called " the siege of Derry ;" a 

 memorable occasion, when the citizens sustained 

 a close siege from the month of December, 1688, 

 to August, 1689, from the whole force of the Irish 

 army, in the interest of king James II. The 

 besieged had to contend, not merely with fatigue 

 and famine, but with discord and treachery within 

 their walls. This duplicity manifested itself in 

 the person of their governor, Lumley, whom 

 they forthwith superseded, and substituted for him 

 the famous George Walker, a dissenting minister, and 

 Major Baker. Under the heroic guidance of these 

 two persons, they held out until the breaking of the 

 boom across the Foyle, and arrival of a British ves- 

 sel with provisions and relief. 



Londonderry is an episcopal see, and one of the 

 cleanest, best built, and most beautifully situated 

 towns in Ireland. It carries on a considerable 

 trade with Scotland, the West Indies, and America. 

 Popnlation in 1841, 20,379. 



