MA MM ALIA MAMMOTH. 



653 



Slrejniceros coudouia. Koodoo. Horns (in the male 

 only) placed on the frontals, smooth, forming regular 

 spiral curves ; muzzle broad ; mane long- ; chin bearded ; 

 shoulders elevated ; tail covered with longhair; stature 

 large. 



Portax risia. Neel Ghau. Horns (in Uie male only) 

 placed on the sides of the frontal crest, short, strong, 

 sub-angular, and destitute of stimulations; shoulders 

 elevated; neck with a mane; throat hairy; dewlap 

 small. 



TRIBE V. BOVID.S. 



Horns (in both sexes) persistent, round, smooth, never 

 straight, and invariably placed upon the sides of the 

 frontals ; muzzle broad ; females with an udder ; stature 

 large; gregarious. 



Catoblepas gnu. Gnu. Incisors J ; no canines; 

 molars f f ; horns curved outwards, base broad, approx- 

 imating, tips turned down, points uncinating upwards; 

 cheeks provided with a glandular excrescence; neck and 

 throat with a mane; tail hairy, as in the horse. 



Ovibos moschatus. Musk ox, pi. 54. f. 33. Horns in 

 contact on the summit of the head, where they are flat 

 and broad, beyond which they bend down against the 

 cheeks, with their points turned up; ears short; eyes 

 small ; tail short. 



Bos Americanus. American bison, pi. 55. f. 17. 

 Head large, skull strong; dense about the frontals, 

 which are convex ; muzzle broad, naked; eyes large; 

 ears funnel-shaped ; dewlaps on the neck ; tail various 

 lengths, tufted. 



Major Smith gives the following as sub-genera. Bubu- 

 (us, Cape ox ; Bison ; The bison ; Taurus (Jrus ; Anoa 

 depressicornis. 



ORDER X. 



Cetacea. 



Rody formed like a fish, terminated by a cartilaginous 

 caudal appendage placed horizontally ; two anterior ex- 

 tremities formed like fins. Teeth conical, or none ; skin 

 smooth, entirely destitute of hair. 



FAMILY I. SIRENIA. 

 Herbivorous Cetacea. 



Manatiis Senegalensis. Senegal Manatus, pi. 55. f. 21. 

 Incisors | ; no canines; molars , '. Incisors small, ex- 

 isting in the foetus only. While young they lose four 

 molars; head not distinct from the body; mustachios 

 formed by a bundle of stiff haiis directed downwards; 

 eyes very small; tongue oval; on the margins of the 

 pectoral fins are small nails. 



Halicore Indica. Dugong, pi. 55. f. 19. Incisors in 

 the adult, i when young; no canines; molars |- 1 in the 

 adult, and J J in the young; body fish-shaped, terminated 

 by an horizontal two-lobed fin ; muzzle truncated and 

 moveable; fins short ; no distinct fingers or nails. 



Stellerus Borealis. Northern Stellerus. Destitute of 

 incisors and canines ; molars ^ -f- consisting of a plate on 

 each side of the jaws, not attached by roots, but by 

 a number of small vessels and nerves; no external 

 ears ; lips double ; eyes covered by a cartilaginous mem- 

 brane. 



FAMILY II. CETACEA. 



Teeth conical, or none; nostrils assuming the form of 

 spiracles; skin smooth, shining, and destitute of hairs on 

 every part ; mamma; placed near the anal opening. 



Delphi-mis phocana. Porpoise. PI. 55. f. 22. Teeth 

 all canine-shaped, compressed, and notched ontheirouter 

 edges, varying in number from 200 to none; jaws more 

 or less protruded in form of a beak ; aperture of spiracles 

 unciform ; an adipose dorsal fin, with sometimes a longi- 

 tudiiril dorsal fold of skin; tail horizontally flattened and 

 bifurcated. 



Monodon monoceros. Narwal. Pi. 55. f. 20. Incisors 



i i ; destitute of canines and molars ; one or two large, 

 straight, very long and pointed tuaks inserted in tne 

 upper jaw ; shaped like the dolphin's ; orifice of spiracle, 

 united at the top of the head ; with a longitudinal dorsal 

 projection. 



TRIBE II. LARGE-HEADED CETACEA. 



Physeter macrocephalus. Great-headed cachalot, pi. 55. 

 f. 24*. Under jaw elongated, with from 18 to 25 thick 

 conical teeth on each side ; upper jaw broad, elevated, 

 with bony lamina;, or with short and undeveloped teeth ; 

 orifice of spiracles united at the upper end of the snout; 

 some species with a dorsal fin. 



Balcena mysticetus. Common whale, pi. 55. f. 23. 

 Destitute of teeth ; upper jaw keel-shaped, furnished on 

 each side with bony laminae or whalebone; orifices of 

 spiracles separated, placed near the centre of the upper 

 portion of the head ; some species with a dorsal fin, and 

 others with nodules on the back. 



MAMMEE-TREE, or WEST INDIA APRICOT 



(mammea Americana) ; a large and beautiful tree, 

 native of tropical America, and interesting from the 

 qualities of the fruit, which is highly esteemed. This 

 fruit is large, roundish, and contains a bright yellow,. 

 firm pulp, which is enveloped with a thick, leathery 

 rind : within this outer rind is a second very delicate 

 one, closely adhering to the pulp, which should be 

 cautiously removed, otherwise it leaves a bitter taste 

 in the mouth, not very strong at first, but gradually 

 increasing, and continuing for two or three days. 

 The taste is peculiar, sweet, and very agreeable, 

 and is accompanied with an aromatic, pleasant odour. 

 The tree belongs to the guttiferce, the same family 

 with the mangosteen, and attains the height of sixty 

 or seventy feet. The leaves are oval, obtuse, very 

 entire, smooth, and six or eight inches in length- 

 The flowers are white, an inch and a half in diame- 

 ter, and diffuse a delightful perfume. 



MAMMON ; the Syrian god of riches, mentioned 

 in the teachings of Jesus, as a personification of 

 worldliness. Spenser has personified Mammon in 

 his noblest manner (book ii., canto 7), where are 

 represented the secret treasures of the " god of the 

 world and worldlings." 



" An uncouth, salvage, and uncivil wight, 



Of griesly hue and foul ill-favour'd sight ; 



His face with smoke was tann'd, and eyes were blear'd, 



His hair and beard with soot were ill bedight, 



His coal-black hands did seem to have been sear'd 



In smith's fire-spitting forge, and nails like claws appear'ii. 



" His iron coat all overgrown with rust, 

 Was underneath enveloped with gold, 

 Whose glistering gloss darken'd with filthy dust, 

 Well yet appeared to have been of old, 

 A work of rich entail and curious mold, 

 Woven with antics and wild imagery : 

 And in his lap a mass of coin he told, 

 And turned upside-down, to feed his eye, 

 And covetous Desire, with his huge treasury. 



" And round about him lay on every side 



Great heaps of gold that never could be spent ; 



Of which some were rude ore not purified, 



Of Mulciber's devouring element : 



Some others were new driven, and distant 



Into great ingoes, and to wedges square ; 



Some in round plates withouten monumeiit ; 



But most were stamp'd, and in their metal bare 



Tin- antique shapes of kings and kesars strange and rare." 



MAMMOTH (Russian momot); a species of 

 extinct elephant, found in a fossil state, entirely dis- 

 tinct from the existing species of Asia and Africa. 

 (See Elephant.) It has left proofs of its existence 

 in Europe, iu Northern Asia, and in America. A 



