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MILLOT MILTIADES. 



tion Fnut^aise ; Histoire Aletallif/ue tie CEmpereur 

 Napotton. His lectures, wliich were fasliionably 

 attended, contributed, with his works, to diffuse a 

 taste for the study of antiquities in France. Mis ser- 

 vices as a conservateur of the cabinet of antiques, of 

 which lie made a systematic arrangement, also deserve 

 to be remembered. He died in 1818. 



MILLOT, CLAUDE FaANgois XAVIKR ; a learned 

 and ingenious French author, born in 1726, at Besan- 

 <;on. He was educated at the Jesuits' college, and 

 became a member of that fraternity, but quitted it, 

 iind settled at Parma, where the patronage of the 

 duke de Nivernois obtained him the historical profes- 

 sorship. Tills situation he filled with much ability 

 and reputation for some years, when the prince of 

 Conde offering to his acceptance the appointment of 

 tutor to the young duke d'Enghien, he returned to 

 Paris. His works, some of which are much esteemed 

 for the spirit and elegance of their style, consist of a 

 History of the Troubadours (in 3 vols.); Memoirs, 

 Political and Military, for the History of the Reigns 

 of Louis XIV. and Louis XV. (6 vols.) ; Elements 

 of Universal History (9 vols.) ; Elements of the His- 

 tory of England (3 vols.) ; Elements of the History 

 of France (3 vols. 12mo), besides some academical 

 papers, and a few translations from the Latin. His 

 death took place in the French capital, in 1785. 



MILLS, CHARLES, an historian, born at Greenwich, 

 in 1788, was articled to an attorney in London. Ill 

 health and the attractions of literature prevented him 

 from engaging in practice, and, in 1817, he published 

 a History of Mohammedanism, which met with a 

 favourable reception. He afterwards produced the 

 History of the Crusades (1819); Travels of Theodore 

 Ducas, at the Revival of Letters and Arts in Italy 

 (1821), and the History of Chivalry (1825). He died 

 October 9, 1826. 



MILNER, JOHN, a celebrated Catholic divine and 

 writer on theology and ecclesiastical antiquities, was 

 born in London, in 1752, and finished his studies at 

 Douay. In 1777, he was ordained a priest, and, in 

 1779, appointed pastor to the Catholic chapel at 

 Winchester. Doctor Milner's study of ancient eccle- 

 siastical architecture procured for him admission into 

 the royal society of antiquaries in 1790. He contri- 

 buted many valuable communications to the Archce- 

 ologia, and published a Dissertation on the modern 

 Style of altering Cathedrals, as exemplified in the 

 Cathedral of Salisbury (1798). The same year, he 

 published his History, Civil and Ecclesiastical, and 

 Survey of the Antiquities of Winchester (2 vols. 4to), 

 and subsequently a Treatise on the Ecclesiastical 

 Architecture of England during the Middle Ages 

 (8vo). Some observations in the history of Winches- 

 ter gave offence to doctor Sturges, a prebendary of 

 the cathedral, who animadverted on them in a tract 

 entitled Reflections on Popery. Doctor Milner re- 

 plied to this attack in his Letters to a Prebendary, 

 which display great learning, ability, and acuteness. 

 In 1801, he published his Case of Conscience solved, 

 or the Catholic Claims proved to be compatible with 

 the Coronation Oath. On the death of bishop Staple- 

 ton, doctor Milner was appointed to succeed him as 

 vicar apostolic in the midland district, with the title 

 of bishop of Castabala. He for some time refused that 

 dignity, but at length he was prevailed on to accept 

 it, and was consecrated in 1803. In 1807 and 1808, 

 he visited Ireland, that he might be enabled, from 

 personal observation and intercourse, to form an 

 opinion concerning the charges brought against the 

 Roman Catholics of that country. As the result of 

 his researches, he published his interesting Inquiry 

 into certain vulgar Opinions concerning the Catholic 

 Inhabitants and the Antiquities of Ireland. At this 

 period he was appointed agent in England to the 



Irish Catholic hierarchy. His solicit i'de for tli 

 interests of religion in both countries induced him to 

 take a journey to Rome in 1814, and he remained 

 there about twelve months. In 18 1 8, he published a 

 treatise entitled the End of Re'igious Controversy, 

 containing a defence of those articles of the Catholic 

 faith usually regarded as objectionable by Protes- 

 tants. This was succeeded by his Vindication of the 

 End of Religious Controversy against the Exceptions 

 of the Bishop of St David's and the reverend Richard 

 Grier ; and a Parting Word to Reverend R. Grier ; 

 with a Brief Notice of Doctor Samuel Parr's Post- 

 humous Letter to Doctor Milner. His death took 

 place in 1826. 



MILO ; an island in the Greek Archipelago ; the 

 ancient Melos. See Melos. 



MILO, a native of Crotona, in Italy, was a scholar 

 of Pythagoras, and one of the most celebrated 

 Grecian athletes. He bore off the prize six times in 

 the Olympic games. Of his prodigious strength 

 many instances are cited. When the temple in which 

 Pythagoras was teaching his pupils was on the point 

 of falling, Milo seized the main pillar, and delayed 

 the destruction of the edifice until all present had 

 escaped. He once carried a bull to the sacrifice on 

 his shoulders, and killed it with a blow of his fist. 

 His strength, however, was the cause of his death. 

 Seeing in a forest a strong trunk of a tree, which it had 

 been in vain attempted to split with wedges, he de- 

 termined to pull it asunder; but his strength was 

 insufficient. The wedges which had kept the cleft 

 open had dropped out, and he remained with his 

 hands fastened in the fissure. No one coming to his 

 assistance, he was devoured by wild beasts. Accord- 

 ing to the tradition of the Pythagoreans, Milo was 

 pursued to his house in Crotona by Cylo, shut up, and 

 burned. 



MILORADOWITCH, MICHAEL ANDREEWITCH, 

 count of, a distinguished Russian officer, was born in 

 1770; served in 1787 against the Turks, in 1794 

 against the Poles; rose rapidly; commanded, in 1799, 

 the vanguard of Suwarrow's army in Italy, as major- 

 general ; fought, in 1805, as lieutenant-general in the 

 battle of Austerlitz. In 1808, he fought victoriously 

 against the Turks, and, in 1812, organized the first 

 corps de reserve, and led it to the main army before 

 the battle of Mojaisk. He was of great service dur- 

 ing this whole campaign against the French, as also 

 in the succeeding war in 1813. He contributed es- 

 sentially to the victory of the allies at Culm (q. v.), 

 commanding under the grand prince Constantino, a 

 corps de reserve, consisting of Prussian grenadiers 

 and cuirassiers, and the Russian and Prussian guards. 

 In the battle of Leipsic, he was again active, and 

 marched with the armies into France. After the 

 peace, he was appointed military commandant of St 

 Petersburg. In the insurrection of the troops, in 

 1825, at the accession of the emperor Nicholas, he 

 was killed by a pistol-shot. As an active commander 

 of vanguards he had few equals. 



MILTIADES; an Athenian general, who lived 

 about B. C. 500. He had already successfully estab- 

 lished an Athenian colony in the Chersonesus, and 

 subjected several islands in the JEgean to the 

 dominion of his country, when Darius at the head of 

 a formidable army, undertook the subjugation of 

 Greece. Miltiades, Aristides and Themistocles ani- 

 mated the Athenians, disheartened by the superior 

 numbers of the enemy, to resistance. Each of the 

 ten tribes placed 1000 men under the direction of a 

 leader. This little army advanced to the plains of 

 Marathon (B. C. 490), where 1000 foot soldiers, sent 

 by their allies the Plataeans, joined them. Miltiades 

 was in favour of an attack ; Aristides and some of 

 the other generals supported him ; others, on the 



