sis 



REPTILES. 



Drara Each jnr provided with four incissory teeth, long 

 ruriiifs and twelve triangular grinder* ; a pretty large 

 umler tin- throat ; six false ribs rise from the 



pine, and suppoit an extension of >kin, which form n sort of 

 wine ; body inv^t>-d with imliric iti-d scale s ; those of the tail 

 aadUn carinated : tail louir destitute of femoral pores. 



Draeo linfatiu, the 1'lyiiig Dragon. PI. TO. f. J6. Upper 

 part of the body Tariegated with blue and green : winus of 

 a reddMi lirowu ; with white longitudiual stria?. Never ex- 

 ceeding nine or ten inches iu length. Inhabits Asia and 

 Africa. See article Dragon. 



Iguana. Head plated ; jaws with a row of compressed, 

 triangular, serrated teeth, and the palate two rows on its 

 posterior margin ; throat with a pendant inflated skin and 

 laterally compressed ; provided with femoral pores. 



, (In- Common Guana. PI. 78. f. 13. A 

 Urge round plate under the tympanum at the angle of the 

 Jaw ; sides of the neck provided with pyramidal scales scat- 

 tered among the others : anterior margin of the throat pouch 

 dentated ; body blue above, changing to green and violet, 

 paler beni-ath ; dorral spines large. 



Polychna. Head covered with plates ; maxillary teeth 

 edged and denticulated; palate provided with small ones; 

 throat extensible and formed for inflation ; destitute of a 

 dorsal crest; body and til covered with small scales; toes 

 not dilated. 



Like tin- chameleon, the animals of this genus have the 

 power of changing colour. 



Anuliia. Teeth edged and denticulated, with small ones in 

 the palate : most of the species provided with a gular 

 pouch ; tail uniformly covered with small shagreen-like 

 cales | skin of the toes extended in the antepenult joint into 

 an oval disk; transversely striated below; claws greatly 

 hooked. 



There are two sections of this genus. 1. With the tail 

 crested. 2. With the tail rounded. 



FAMILY IV. GECKOTID*. 



Gecko. Head considerably depressed ; eyes large ; tongue 

 fleshy, but not extensible ; jaws provided with a series of 

 small close-set teeth; body flattened, covered above with 

 small shagreen-like scales, and frequently tuberculate ; below, 

 the scales are smaller, fiat, and imbricated ; tail with circular 

 folds ; toes widened their whole length, or at the extremity 

 only, witli the skin plated or scaly. 



The animals of this genus have the power of ascending 

 perpendicular walls, and they can even walk on ceilings. 

 Cuvier divides the genus into the following subgenera: 



I. Phiti/iiactyli. Toes widened throughout, and provided 

 below with transverse scales. 



II. Hfiiiiildi-tf/li. Base of the toes provided with an oval 

 disk, formed underneath by a double row of scales ; from this 

 disk the second phalange arises, which is slender and supports 

 the nail joint ; all the toes furnished with nails; on each side 

 of the anal opening is a series of pores ; tail with large scales 

 beneath. 



III. Thecadartyli. Toes widened throughout their whole 

 length, and provided with transverse scales, which are divided 

 by a longitudinal furrow; thumbs destitute of nails,- tail 

 covered above and below with small scales ; no femoral 

 pores. 



IV. Ptyodactyl'. Toes dilated at the points only, striated 

 underneath ; nails placed in a furrow and hooked. 



Ptyodactyli cauaiverbera, the Scallop-tailed Gecko. PI. 

 78. f. 14. The whole animal of a dusky black ; the back 

 covered with remote red tubercles, each encompassed by a 

 circle of small white scales ; thigh and tail furnished with 

 similar tubercles, but destitute of the surrounding scales ; tail 

 provided with a scalloped tin, like a membrane on each, 

 increasing in dimension as it approaches the tip, where it is 

 broadest ; sixteen inches long. Inhabits Arabia. 



V. Pttylluri, Animals similar in form to the Oecko, but 

 the toes do not widen ; tail depressed and cordiform. 



FAMILY V. CHAM/ELEONID.B. 



Chameleon. Tongue fleshy, cylindrical, and extremely 

 extensible ; teeth trilobpd ; eyes large, but nearly covered 

 by a ikin, and with separate movements ; destitute of an ex- 

 ternal ear; occiput pyramidal ; body compressed, back edged 

 or carinated, the whole covered with small shagreen. like 

 grannies ; all the feet furnished with five toes, which are 

 divided into two gets ; the one with three toes, and the other 

 with two, ench united to the nails by a membrane; tail round 

 and prehensile. 



Cfama-lrnn vulgarit, the Common Chameleon. PI. 78. f. 17. 

 Head i carifiated over the eyes ; occiput provided with a crest, 

 h reaches to the midd e space between the eyes; the 

 whole animal covered with small uniform scales ; dorsal and 

 medial ventral line from the chin to the vent larger naked- 

 ventral line while. Twenty-two inches long, including the 

 ML Inhabits India and Africa. See article Chamc-leon. 



FAMILY VI SCINCIWE. 



Tongue not extensible; body covered with equal-sized im. 

 bricated scales ; legs short. 



AVi'ncu*. Tongue fleshy, slightly extensible, and n little 

 cleft ; jaws provided with small close-set teeth, and the 

 palate with two rows ; body long, invested with elliptical or 

 rounded imbricated scales. 



Sci>,cut occiiiuus, the Galley Wasp. PI. 78. f. 2fi. Body 

 reddish, furnished with irremilnr whitish transverse bands ; 

 grinding teeth rounded ; in front of the tympanum are two 

 little lobes ; tail very short, hardly a quarter ot the total length 

 of the animal. From twelve to eighteen inches in length. 

 Inhabits Jamaica. 



Sept. Tongue short, slightly cleft at the tip ; body, neck, 

 and tail very long, cylindrical, and invested with rounded or 

 elliptical imbricated scales ; feet small, the two pairs greatly 

 apart, and provided with four or five toes. 



Sep* palustrin, the Great Water Newt. PI. 78. f. 18. Co- 

 vered with small warts above ; abdomen bright yellow, 

 streaked with black ; back brown spotted with black ; six or 

 seven inches long. Inhabits stagnant waters in Europe. 



Bipet. Destitute of fore feet, the scapulars and clavicles 

 being concealed under the skin ; feet slightly divided or with- 

 out divisions. 



Bipes apus, the Apoidal Apus. PI. 78. f. 27. Head and 

 body without any distinct separation ; tail long and rour.d ; 

 scales small and imbricated ; two feet placed near the anal 

 opening, with slight divisions. Inhabits the shores of the 

 Volga. 



Chalcides. Body extremely elongated; provided with four 

 short distant feet ; toes varying according tn the species ; 

 scales not imbricated, but forming transverse bands, or annti- 

 lations. 



Chirotes. Destitute of hind feet : in other respects resem- 

 bling the former genus. 



ORDER 1II.-OPHIDIA. 



Body greatly cylindrical, elongated, generally covered with 

 scales, and destitute of feet. 



FAMILY I. ANGUINBS. 



With small teeth nearly of equal size ; tongue uniformly 

 notched; ribs more or less united, being a substitute fora 

 sternum ; eyes provided with three eyelids. 



Ophisaurus. Maxillary teeth conical, and the palate fur- 

 nished with two small groups of teeth ; tympanum externally 

 visible. 



Anguis. Maxillary teeth compressed and hooked ; desti- 

 tute of palatine teeth ; tympanum concealed under the skin. 



Acontias. Devoid of any vestige of a sternum or pelvis ; 

 mouth provided with conical teeth ; second lobe of the lungs 

 rudimentary. 



FAMILY II. SERPENTES. 



The species of this family are very numerous, and are all 

 destitute of a sternum and scapular bones, and want the third 

 eyelid, and also the tympanum. Cuvier subdivides them. The 

 first subdivision includes those which have the lower jaw 

 supported by a tympana! bone articulated to the cranium ; 

 the two branches of this jaw fixed before, and those of the 

 upper jaw to the cranium, and to an intermaxillary bone ; 

 which prevents their dilatation. The eyes are small ; the body 

 cylindrical and covered with scales ; the tongue short ; the 

 trachea long ; the heart situate far behind, and provided with 

 a single lung only. 



I. JAWS NOT DILATABLE. 



Amphisbana. Teeth conical and not numerous, and placed 

 in the jaws only ; body encompassed by circular rows of 

 quadrangular scales ; oviparous ; a row of pores situate 

 before the anal opening. 



AmphisbtBna fuliginosn, the Shining Amphishn'iia. Body 

 variegated with black and white ; head with six large scales, 

 placed in three rows ; tongue broad, rough above, forked 

 and free ; eyes small, and covered by a membrane ; anal 

 opening surrounded by eight tubercles. Two feet long. 

 Inhabits Ceylon. PI. 78. f. 25. 



Tirphlopi. Snout depressed and provided with plates, 

 tongue long, furcated ; eyes hardly visible through the skin ; 

 body invested with small imbricated scales ; anal opening 

 near the extremity of the body. 



II.-JAWS DILATABLE. 



(1.) Body Cylindrical, with Short Tongue. 



Tortrix. Tongue short and thick; abdominal scale?, and 

 those under the tail larger than the others; tail extremely 

 short 



(2.) Occiput more or less gibbous; Tongue Forked and 

 Extensible. 



Boa. Body compressed, thickest in the middle ; scale- 

 upon the posterior part of the head small, as well as those of 

 the other parts ; anal opening with a peak on each side; tai 

 prehensile. 



