742 



UNITED STATES (STATISTICS). 



of the office which issues patents for useful inven- 

 tions. He has the charge of the seal of the United 

 States, but cannot affix it to any commission, until 

 signed by the president, nor to any act or instru- 

 ment , without the special authority of the president. 

 2. The treasury department was created by an act of 

 congress of September 2, 1789. The secretary of 

 the treasury superintends all the fiscal concerns of 

 the government, and, upon his own responsibility, 

 recommends to congress measures for improving the 

 condition of the revenue. All the accounts of the 

 government are finally settled at the treasury de- 

 partment ; and, for this purpose, it is divided into 

 the office of the secretary (who has a general super- 

 intendence of the whole), the offices of the two 

 controllers, five auditors, a treasurer, a register, and 

 a solicitor. The first auditor receives all accounts 

 in relation to the re venue and civil list; the second 

 and third, those relating to the army, fortifications, 

 and the Indian department ; the fourth, those rela- 

 tive to the navy department ; the fifth, those con- 

 nected with the department of state, the post-office, 

 light-houses, &c. The first controller examines 

 the accounts settled by the first and fifth auditors ; 

 the second, those of the other three auditors. The 

 following tables will show the amount of the re- 

 venue, and the mode of raising it. The two sources 

 of revenue are duties on imports, and the sale of 

 public lands. The internal duties (on spirits, sugar, 

 licenses, &c.) which had previously existed, and the 

 direct tax on lands, houses and slaves, imposed in 

 1798, were abolished in 1802. In 1813, direct 

 taxes and internal duties (on licenses, carriages, 

 sales by auction, &c.) were again laid, in conse- 

 quence of the increased expenditure arising from 

 the war, and the diminution of the revenue on im- 

 ports from foreign countries. The acts imposing 

 these taxes were repealed soon after the war, and 

 the two sources of revenue first mentioned have 

 been amply sufficient to meet the expenses of the 

 government, and to pay off the public debt. 



The receipts into the treasury during the year 

 1830 were 24,844,116 dollars; balance remaining 

 from past year, 5,668,540 dollars; expenditures, 

 24,585,281 dollars; as follows: 



Receipts. 



Customs, . 



Lands, . 



Dividends on bank dock, 

 Incidental receipts, 



Expenditures. 



Ctil list, foreign intercourse, *c., 

 Military, including fortification!, in 



ternal improvement*. 



N>T! service, 

 Debt, 



21,922,39] 



2,3i9.356 



MM 



102,000 



3,237,416 



6,752,683 



Mv,4sa 



ll,3ii,748 



The debt created by the revolutionary war 

 amounted to forty-two millions of dollars, and the 

 debt contracted by each individual state was as- 

 sumed by the United States on the organization of 

 the new government. This debt was to be re- 

 deemed by the proceeds of the national domains, 

 and the interest of several species of stock, under 

 the direction of the commissioners of the sinking 

 fund. 



Tun. 



"91,. 

 1801, 

 ISO*, 

 1812, 



i-ifi, 



ISiii. 



ABO..I of Mil 



Dollars. 



75,169,974 



82,00(1,167 



8i.353.643 



45035,123 



123,016,375 



91,015,566 



SB, 546,676 



1825, 

 1826, 

 1827; 

 Ib23, 

 1829, 

 1830, 

 1834. 



Amount at Debt. 



DoJI.rs. 

 83.V88.432 

 81,054.059 

 " 73,9-17^57 

 67,475,222 

 58.362.1S5 

 48,565,405 

 4,76", i J 



The following tables exhibit more at large the Pub- 

 lie Debt and Finances of the United States : 



PUBLIC DEBT. 

 Funded and Unfunded Debt of the United Statet, Jan. 1, 1834. 



FINANCES OF THE UNITED STATES. 



Statement of the Receipt* and Expenditure for the Year 1832, 

 wtt/t Total Amount from 1789 to 1832. 



By the report of the director of the mint in 1832, 

 the operations of that office for 1831 were as fol- 

 lows : Amount of coinage, 3,923,473 dollars, com- 

 prising 7 14,270 dollars in gold coins, 3,175,600 dol- 

 lars in silver coins, and 33,603 dollars in copper 

 coins, making together 11,792,284 pieces: of the 

 gold coined, 26,000 dollars worth was from Virginia, 

 294,000 dollars from North Carolina, and 176,000 

 dollars from Georgia. The total value of the 

 coinage from 1792 to 1831 is 40,000,000 dollars. 



3. The war department was created, by act of 

 congress, August 7, 1789, and at first embraced not 



