888 



WATERS, MINERAL. 



of the tissues. Pyrmont is situated near the river 

 Weser, four leagues from Hamelet, in Westphalia. 

 It has six principal springs, all of the temperature 

 of 55 Fahr. The Pyrmont springs contain, in one 

 hundred pounds of the water, 



Crystallised muriate of soda, 

 Mnri.it of magneaia. 

 Crystallized sulphate of soda. 

 Carbonate of iron, . . 



Carbonate of lime, . . ' " 



Carbonate of magnesia, 

 K < - . tiou - principles, . 



122 gr. 



547 

 MU 



333 

 9 



1605, 



One hundred pounds of this water contain fifteen 

 hundred grains of carbonic acid. It is said to be 

 eminently tonic. In the United States of America, 

 there are a great number of chalybeate springs : the 

 most noted of which are those of Ballston. 



Under the saline class are comprised those mine- 

 ral waters in which there are neutral salts enough 

 to produce a marked, and generally purgative ope- 

 ration. The salts most usually present are the 

 sulphates, muriates, and carbonates; such as the 

 sulphates of magnesia and soda, muriates and car- 

 bonates of soda and lime. The proportion of gase- 

 ous matter is seldom large. When there is a con- 

 siderable addition of carbonic acid in these waters, 

 they become more grateful to the taste, and sit 

 easier on the stomach. With an impregnation of 

 iron, they acquire tonic and stimulating powers, 

 and are used with other views than merely to their 

 purgative operation. Of the thermal saline waters, 

 the most celebrated are those of Plombieres, Bour- 

 bon-Lancy, in France ; of Carlsbad and Teplitz, in 

 Germany ; of Lucca and St Julian, in Italy. Plom- 

 bieres, in the department of the Vosges, ninety 

 leagues from Paris, owes its conveniences to Stanis- 

 laus, king of Poland. The temperature of its 

 springs varies from 90 to 144 Fahr. A pint of 

 the water contains 



Carbonate of soda, 

 Sulphate of soda, 

 Muriate of soda, 

 Silex. 



Carbonate of lime, 

 Animal matter. 



2, grains 



The waters of Bourbon-Lancy are celebrated in the 

 annals of France, as the means by which Catharine 

 de Medicis, wife of Henry II., was cured of her 

 sterility. She made use of them, agreeably to the 

 advice of her physician, Fernel, as drink, and by 

 way of bath. She had after this visit, in due time 

 and series, her three children, Henry, Charles, and 

 Francis, all three kings of France in succession. 

 From gratitude to her physician, she presented him, 

 on the birth of each son, 10,000 crowns. The effi- 

 cacy of these waters is chiefly due to their elevated 

 temperature. 



Bohemia abounds in mineral waters. The most 

 distinguished are those of Carlsbad. The most im- 

 portant of the springs at this place arises with great 

 vehemence, and in a most copious stream, intolera- 

 bly hot to the touch, and boiling up with violence. 

 Its temperature is invariably 165 Fahr. The an- 

 alysis of Berzelius shows the water of this spring 

 to contain 



Sulphate of soda. 

 Carbonate of soda, 

 Muriate of soda, 

 Carbonate of lime, 

 Fluateof lime. 

 Phosphate of lime, 



2-58714 

 1-25200 

 1-04893 

 0-31219 

 0-00331 

 000019 



Carried over, 



5-20376 



Brought over, 

 Carbonate of strontiteg, . 

 Carbonate of magnesia, 

 Phosphate of Alumine, . 

 Carbonate of manganese, 

 Silex 



B 176 



0-00097 



(Civ.".' I 

 "i.i. .; t 

 a trao*. 

 0-07304 



6-46J8J 



The Teplitz waters, though less efficacious than 

 those of Carlsbad, enjoy considerable reputation. 

 Their temperature is 117 Fahr. The thermal 

 waters of St Julian springs contain a large propor- 

 tion of saline ingredients ; and their easy access 

 attracts a large company of Italians and strangers. 



The most noted cold saline mineral waters in 

 Europe are those of Epsom and Cheltenham, in 

 England, and Seidlitz and Seidschiitz, in Bohemia. 

 At Cheltenham, there are six different springs. A 

 wine gallon of the water contains 480 grains of sul- 

 phate of soda, 40 grains of muriate of soda, with 

 some muriate of lime, and muriate and carbonate of 

 magnesia, oxide of iron, carbonic acid and nitrogen. 

 One of the springs has an impregnation of sulphur- 

 ated hydrogen. Of the Seidlitz waters, a more 

 copious notice must be taken. The strongest of 

 the simple saline springs is that of the village of 

 Seidlitz, in Bohemia, nine miles from Prague. 

 Five pints of its water contain 



Resinous matter, 

 Carbonate of magnesia, 

 Sulphate of magnesia, 

 Sulphate of soda. 

 Sulphate of lime, 

 Carbonate of lime, . 

 Carbonic acid, 



. 3} grains. 



e, 



1410 

 341] 



26 



19 

 . 6 



The Seidlitz water is generally converted into a 

 tepid temperature before being drunk. The follow- 

 ing is the formula for preparing artificial Seidlitz 

 waters : 



Pure water. 

 Carbonic acid, 

 Sulphate of magnesia, 

 Muriate of magnesia, 



20 ounces. 

 3 times this yoluine. 

 144 grains. 

 18 , 



The mixtures sold in the shops under the title of 

 Seidlitz powders have no resemblance in composi- 

 tion to the real salts of that name. The powders 

 prepared by the apothecary are one set of tartaric 

 acid, the other of the bi-carbonate of soda, which, 

 when added together in solution in water, form a 

 tartrate of soda, with a disengagement cf carbonic 

 acid. The patent Seidlitz powders, as they are 

 called, consist of two different powders. The one 

 contained in the white paper consists of two drachms 

 of tartarized soda, and two scruples of carbonate of 

 soda; that in the blue paper of thirty-five grains of 

 tartaric acid. Of the saline mineral springs of the 

 United States, those of Saratoga are by far the 

 most celebrated. 



The medicinal qualities of this spring have ac- 

 quired for it a reputation abroad, to which no other 

 fountain in America has yet attained ; and it is 

 highly probable, from the active ingredients which 

 enter into its composition, that it will continue to 

 retain the ascendency. Such are its rare and pecu- 

 liar qualities, that, while it operates as an active 

 and efficient medicine, it possesses the properties of 

 an agreeable and delightful beverage ; and it is daily 

 sought after and drunk by all classes of people sim- 

 ply to gratify the palate, or to allay the thirst ; and 

 although, in this way, it is frequently taken, in suf- 

 ficient quantities to produce its most active effects 

 upon the bowels, it is seldom, if ever, known to be 

 attended with any unpleasant consequences, but is 



