504 



GRENADA. 



of his Majesty's subjects of the other British Lee- 

 ward islands. Secondly, With respect to religion, 

 they were put on the same footing as the inhabitants 

 of Canada, viz., liberty was given them to exercise 

 it according to the rites of the Romish church, as far 

 as the laws of Great Britain permitted. Thirdly, 

 Such of the inhabitants of Grenada as chose to quit 

 the island, should have liberty to do so, and eighteen 

 months allowed them to dispose of their effects. A 

 legislative assembly was granted by Britain. On the 

 2d of July, 1797, a French armament, consisting 

 of a fleet of twenty-five ships of the line, ten fri- 

 gates, and 5000 troops, under the command of the 

 Count d'Estaing, appeared off the harbour and 

 town of St George. The whole force of the 

 island was composed of 90 men of the forty-eighth 

 regiment, 300 militia of the island, and 150 sea- 

 men from the merchant ships; and its fortifications 

 consisted chiefly of an intrenchment, which had 

 been hastily thrown up round the summit of Hos- 

 pital hill. This entrenchment the Count d'Estaing 

 invested the next day, at the head of 3000 of his 

 best forces, which he led up in three columns, and, 

 after a desperate conflict and the loss of 300 men, 

 carried the lines. Never did so small a body of 

 men make a nobler defence against such inequality 

 of numbers. The governor (lord Macartney) and 

 the remains of his little garrison immediately re- 

 tired into the old fort at the mouth of the harbour, 

 which, however, was wholly untenable, being com- 

 manded by the Hospital hill battery, the guns of 

 which, having been most unfortunately left un- 

 spiked, were now turned against them. At day- 

 break the French opened a battery of two twenty- 

 four pounders against the walls of the old fort. In 

 )his situation, the governor and inhabitants had no 

 lternative but an unconditional surrender ; and 

 the Count d'Estaing became master of the island. 

 Grenada and the Grenadines were restored to Great 

 Britain, with all the other captured islands in the 

 West Indies (Tobago excepted), by the general 

 pacification which took place in 1793. An insur- 

 rection, fomented, it was said by the French revo- 

 lutionists, broke out in March, 1795, which was 

 rot finally terminated until July, 1796. During 

 the continuance of the disturbance, the greatest 

 distress prevailed, and the most horrid murders 

 were perpetrated by the infatuated rebels ; where- 

 ever they appeared, devastation followed them ; 

 and, from the direful effects of their cruelty and 

 rapine, Grenada has never recovered the flourishing 

 state which it had previously enjoyed. 



Grenada is divided into six parishes or districts, 

 Saints Patrick, Andrew, John, Mark, David, and 

 George. The two first named are the most pro- 

 ductive in sugar, cocoa, and coffee. St John and 

 Mark are mountainous, and the two latter named 

 are rather less so. The principal (St George) con- 

 tains the capital of that name, and the fortifica- 

 tions and military posts of Richmond hill, Fort 

 king George, Hospital hill, and Cardinal heights ; 

 it is also the chief sea-port, the residence of the 

 governor, and the station of the court of judica- 

 ture, &c. The population of the capital and 

 parish is about 10,000. St George, the capital, is 

 situated within an amphitheatre of hills, with a 

 good harbour in front. The houses are well and 

 tastefully built of stone or brick, with sashed win- 

 dows and tiled roofs, with the streets well venti- 

 lated, and a spacious handsome square in the centre. 

 The harbour is said to be capable of containing 

 1000 ships, of 350 tons each, secure from storms. 



The population consists of 4000, of whom 320 are 

 whites, and 2000 free coloured. 



The dependencies of Grenada are, the island of 

 Carriacpu, and such of the small islands called 

 Grenadines, as lay between it and Grenada. These 

 are a cluster of isles, of more or less extent, be- 

 tween St Vincent and Grenada ; the largest are 

 Becquia, Canuan, Urion, and Carriacou : the last- 

 named alone are dependent on Grenada ; many are 

 inhabited, and several well cultivated, producing 

 small quantities of sugar, rum, molasses, cotton, 

 fruits, vegetables, poultry, live stock, c. in great 

 abundance. Carriacou constitutes a parish, con- 

 taining, according to estimate, 6913 acres of land ; 

 it is about nineteen miles in circumference. In the 

 town of Hillsborough is a church and rectory. The 

 island is, in general, fertile, aiiti well cultivated ; 

 and the successful mode of the management of 

 slaves is amply manifested in their constant in- 

 crease. Cotton was formerly the chief article of 

 cultivation, and about 1,000,000 Ihs. was annually 

 exported. Eight of the principal estates are now 

 cultivated in sugar ; and the average produce of 

 that article in a good season is upwards of 2,000,000 

 Ibs. The island is however greatly exposed to 

 suffer from droughts. 



In 1762, when Grenada surrendered to the British 

 arms, it is said to have yielded annually, together 

 with its dependencies, the Grenadines, a quantity 

 of clay and muscovado sugar, equal to 11,000 hogs- 

 heads, of fifteen cwt. each, and 27,000 Ibs. of in- 

 digo. The principal vegetable staples at present 

 are sugar, cocoa, coffee, and cotton ; and the fol- 

 lowing return shows the produce made in Grenada 

 and the Grenadines in 1830. 



Parishe* and 

 bland. 



Par. St George 



- Mark's.... 



- John 



Patrick. . . 



- Andrew's 



- David's... 

 Isl.of Carriacou 



Sugar. 



Ibs. 



3.179,916 

 958,276 



Gals. 



122.422 

 34,533 



2!,4.V) 



913.247 



6,214,a50 278,891 

 6,756,021 303,592 

 1,853,443 114.550 

 2,225,700) 9.996 



Gals. 



56,382 



11,784 

 7,880 

 3,997 



24,955 



6,368 



144,313 



7852 

 500 

 1500 



Ibs. 



20,022 

 125.454 

 148,225 



39,670 

 4,534 



Ibs. 

 7,139 



90,055 



Total.... 22,100,953890,434 255,679 26,122 337,903 97,804 



The prices of produce in colonial currency was 

 in 1832: 



per 100-lbs. 

 30s. 



per Gallon. 



per Gallon 



is. ea. 



Cotton. 



per Ib. 

 6d. 



Coffee. 



per Ib. 

 Is. 6d. 



Cocoa, 

 per Ib. 



Cd. 



The following return shows the population of 

 Grenada and the Grenadines, Dec. 31, 1832- 



