508 



HARTLEPOOL HATS. 



The rules to be observed in the management of 

 the school were drawn up by Mr Lyon. These 

 are precise and, in some particulars, extremely 

 curious. The system of education is marked out 

 as a classical one. The modes of correction are 

 specified. The amusements of the scholars are li- 

 mited to " driving a top, tossing a hand-ball, run- 

 ning, shooting, and no other." The twenty-second 

 rule contains the provision " that no girls shall be 

 received to be taught in the same school." The 

 practice of archery was common in the school from 

 the period of its foundation. Every boy was en- 

 titled by the statutes to possess " bow-shafts, bow- 

 strings, and a bracer, to exercise shooting." 

 Archery was a sport formerly used at many schools. 

 The name which a part of the play-grounds at 

 Eton college retains, that of the shooting-fields, 

 may be attributed to a similar custom : and the 

 term, the butts, will be found in the immediate 

 neighbourhood of other schools besides Harrow. 

 There is an instance of this in the college-school 

 at Warwick, and at other places. The public 

 exhibitions of archery at Harrow, were annual, and 

 can be traced back for more than a century. The 

 last silver arrow was contended for in July, 1771. 

 There were good and sufficient reasons for the abo- 

 lition of this practice, and the more scholar-like 

 and intellectual one of public speeches has taken 

 its place. These are held every year, in May, 

 June, and July. On the 22d Oct. 1839, a fire 

 broke out at Harrow school, which destroyed a 

 great part of the building. 



HARTLEPOOL; a sea-port town in the 

 county of Durham, 253 miles N.W. from London. 

 As a sea-port, it is dependent upon Newcastle, and 

 it formerly possessed a harbour within the walls, 

 defended by two strong towers, which are now 

 decayed, and the harbour is choked up; the modern 

 harbour, which will only admit vessels of light 

 burden, being to the south of the town. In the reign 

 of Edward III. this port furnished five large ships 

 to the royal navy, and was next in rank to the city 

 of Durham. The fishery on the coast forms the 

 principal employment of the inhabitants, which is, 

 however, aided by several extensive coal-works in 

 the vicinity. The town consists of one principal 

 and several small streets ; the neighbouring scenery 

 is delightful, particularly along the sea-shore, where 

 some good houses have been erected for the accom- 

 modation of those who resort to town for seabath- 

 ing quarters. Here are two fine chalybeates, impreg- 

 nated with sulphur. Population in 1841, 5236. 



HASLEWOOD, JOSEPH, Esq., of Conduit 

 Street, Solicitor, and F. S. A., was born in Lon- 

 don, Nov. 5, 1769, and early in life was taken into 

 the office of his uncle, Mr Dewbery, a solicitor in 

 Conduit Street, whose partner and successor in 

 business he subsequently became. Mr Haslewood's 

 fondness for early English literature and biblio- 

 graphy naturally led him to the collection of a con- 

 siderable library of black-letter lore and Eliza- 

 bethan poetry, and the pages and fly-leaves of his 

 books bear ample testimony, by their numerous 

 MS. notanda, that he was not only a collector, but 

 a reader of the works with which his shelves were 

 so amply furnished. In books on angling, and in 

 those of hawking and field sports, his collection 

 was confessedly unrivalled. He was one of the 

 founders of the Roxburgh Club, and left a very 

 curious volume, tracing the rise of that society. 

 His volume, under the quaint title of " Roxburgh 

 Bevels," records the annual festivities of the Club 



from its first meeting at the Old St Alban's Ta- 

 vern, in 1812. Although neither a classical scho- 

 lar nor an elegant writer, Mr Haslewood was a 

 laborious and faithful editor of many rare and 

 beautiful reprints of early English poetry and prose, 

 which might otherwise have perished ; and assisted 

 several of the members of the Roxburgh Club in 

 correcting and printing the volumes which they 

 occasionally presented to the society. He died 

 21st Sept. 1833. 



HATS. The word Hat seems to be derived 

 from the Saxon haet, German, Hatt, i, e. a cover 

 for the head. The modern term is used in distinc- 

 tion from a bonnet or cap; but, anciently, even a 

 helmet was so denominated, as in the romance of 

 Kyng Alesaunder 



Of sum weore thp brayn out spat 

 Al under tlit-o iren hat. 



The hats of the Saxons (the most ancient of which 

 we can find any mention made), were supposed to 

 have been by no means universally worn ; felt or 

 woollen hats, however, they are known to have 

 possessed. In the Canterbury Tales of Chaucer, 

 the merchant wears " on his head a Flaundrish 

 beaver hat ;" and, in the Chronicle of Froissart, we 

 hear frequently of the hats of the time of Edward 

 III. and Richard II. White hats were, even in 

 those days, worn at Ghent, in Flanders, and seem 

 to have been used as the political badge of a party, 

 though this is not quite certain. " Hats of biever 

 and eustryde's (ostrich) fethers," are also men- 

 tioned. In the Journal of Beckington, secretary 

 to Henry VI., 1442, is mentioned a " scarlet hat 

 given as a new year's gift." Among the inventory 

 of effects of Sir John Fastolfe, 1459, " j hatte of 

 bever, lynyd withe damaske gilt, and also ij strawen 

 hattes." In the Ship of Fools, printed in 1517, is 

 an account of " the great hats that is set all upon 

 one side." We have thus shown the antiquity of 

 white hats, beaver hats, and hats worn on one side. 



In the reign of Henry VIII. we find hats fre- 

 quently mentioned, and in the privy-purse expenses 

 of that monarch is .this entry : " Item, paid for a 

 hatte and plume for the king in Boleyn, (Boulogne,) 

 xv 8 ." As the value of money was much greater 

 then than it is at present, we may conclude that 

 hats were still articles of luxury, and only worn by 

 the rich. 



In the expenses of a nobleman at college, 1577, 

 we find " a broad riding hat;" " a hat lined with 

 velvet." About this time high-crowned hats came 

 into fashion. In the reign of queen Elizabeth, 

 hats appear to have become common, and beaver 

 hats seem to have been first introduced into com- 

 mon wear. The following curious passage is from 

 a rare book, published about 1585, called Stubb's 



Anatomic of Abuses " Sometimes they use them 



sharpe on the crowne, perking up like the spire or 

 shaft of a steeple, standing a quarter of a yard 

 above the crowne of their heads ; some more, some 

 lesse, as please the fantasies of their inconstant 

 mindes. Othersome be flat, and broade on the 

 crowne, like the battlements of a house. Another 

 sort have rounde crownes, sometimes with one 

 kind of band, sometimes with another, now black, 

 now white, now russed, now redde, now grene, 

 now yellow; now this, now that; never content 

 with one colour or fashion two daies to an end. 

 And as the fashions be rare and strange, so is the 

 stufie whereof their hattes be made divers also; 

 for some are of silk, some of velvet, some of taf- 

 fatie, some of sarcenet, some of wool, and which 



