PRUSSIA. 



705 



Trevea, 



Arnsberif. . 



Magdeburg 1 , 



OoblenU, . 



Erfort, . 



Konigsberg, 



Cologne, 



Oppeln, 



BrL'slaw, 



Aix-la-Cliapelle, 



Gumbinnon, . 



I..ignitz, 



Munster, 



Birtlu. 



3855 



39.i3 



3784 



3949 



3S94 



4071 



4073 



4810 



4118 



3726 



4141 



3930 



3169 



Deaths. 



2508 



2703 



2557 



2739 



2706 



2957 



2962 



3761 



3070 



2697 



3127 



3149 



2471 



Surplur 

 1347 

 1245 

 1227 

 1210 

 1188 

 1114 

 1111 

 1049 

 1048 

 1029 

 1014 

 781 

 698 



In the Prussian doms. generally, 4076 8780 1296 



There were more births than deaths in all the 

 government districts, and in the above table the 

 order of the districts is ranged according to the 

 amount of the surplus of births over deaths. 



The marriages in the Prussian dominions, during 

 the year 1836, are distributed to their respective 

 government districts in the following table, \vhich 

 exhibits both the total number in each district, and 

 also the relative proportion of the district marriages 

 to the 100,000 inhabitants, according to the cen- 

 sus taken at the end of 1834 : 



The total number of Marriages The average number 

 contracted in the Government of Marriages on 



Districts, during 1836. 10U.OJU Inhabitants. 



Konigsberg, . . . 6770 931 



Gumbinneu, . . 5050 932 



Dantzig, .... 3:253 978 



Maricmverder, . . 5059 1073 



Posen, ... 7110 938 



Bromberg, . . 3796 1048 



Potsdam, with Berlin, . 8849 940 



Frankfort, . . 6245 879 



Stettin 4015 904 



Coslin, . . . 3075 896 



Stralsund, , . . 1502 976 



Breslaw, . . . 8982 906 



Oppeln, .... 8147 1075 



Lignitz, ... 75U 941 



Magdeburg, . . . 5328 923 



Mersburg, . . . 5490 884 



Erfort, .... 2588 885 



Munster, . . . 3384 846 



Miuden 4053 995 



Arusberg, . . 4385 903 



Cologne, . . . 3699 899 



Uusseldorf, . . 6833 937 



Coblentz, . . . 3849 850 



Treves, . . . 3455 790 



Aix-la-Chapelle, . . 2963 819 



In the Prussian States, 125,391 928 



Thus, all the districts taken together, brings the 

 year 1836, with reference to the number of mar- 

 riages, into the category of ordinary, medium 

 years; since, on the average of 100,000 inhabitants, 

 928 new marriages were contracted, which is 

 equivalent to saying, that out of rather more than 

 every 107, and less than every 108, existing con- 

 temporaries, one matrimonial union was formed. 

 The number of the existing marriages, according 

 to the last census, made at the end of 1834, 

 amounted to 2,278,333. There was then, for 

 every 1000 of these marriages, on an average, 55 

 new marriages in 1836, or there were very nearly 

 6 new to every 109 of the existing marriages that 

 is, almost 1 new to 18 of the old. 



The number of children born in wedlock, in the 

 course of 1836, was : 



Boys, . 



Girls, 



Together, 



Out of wedlock : 

 Boys, 

 Girl*, 



19,540 

 18,622 



512,460 



38,102 



Together, 



Total, . . 550.622 



Accordingly, of 100,000 children, 6931 were 

 illegitimate ; and therefore less than -f s but more 

 than fa of the children born were illegitimate ; or, 



to be more accurate, of all the children born, ^ 

 were illegitimate. 



These, also, have been the usual proportions for 

 several years past in the Prussian dominions. 



The proportion of the census made at the end 

 of 1834, to the number of illegitimate children 

 born in the course of 1836, is very different in the 

 several districts. There occurred, for example, 

 upon lOO.CHjO inhabitants: 



In the Gorernment Districts. 

 Breslayv, . 



Uant/ic, 



Potsdam, with Berlin, 

 Stralsund, 

 Lignitz, 

 Mersburg, 

 Konigsberg, . 

 Magdeburg, 

 Frankfort, 

 Stettin, 

 Erfort, 

 Gumbinnen, 

 Coslin, 

 Oppeln, 

 Marienwerder, 

 Broraberg, 

 Minden, 



Posen, . . 



Arnsberg, 

 Cologne, 

 Treves, 

 Dusseldorf, 

 Aix-la-Chaptlle, 

 Coblentz, 

 Munster, 



II legitimate Births. 

 . . 407 



399 



397 



387 

 375 

 357 

 339 

 336 

 301 

 282 

 278 

 275 

 265 

 236 

 224 

 224 

 218 

 210 

 208 

 149 

 139 

 135 

 130 

 94 



In Prussia for every 100,000 inhabitants, 282 



In the great towns of Prussia, the proportion of 

 the illegitimate children born during 1836 to the 

 number of inhabitants, in the census taken at the 

 end of 1834, was as follows, on every 100,000: 



Towns. Illegitimate Children. 



Breslaw, ... 65 



Konigsberg, . . . 61 



Berlin, ... 60 



Posen, .... 60 

 Dantzic, ... 52 



Cologne, with Deutz, . . 49 



Stettin, ... 43 



Magdeburg, . . .38 



Aix-la-Chapelle, . . 25 



Elberfeld, with Barmen, . 16 



It is ascertained, by experience, that in a great 

 part of Europe the number of males, in comparison 

 with females, does not bear the same proportion 

 among illegitimate children as among those born 

 in wedlock. In the fifteen years from 1820 to 

 1834, on an average, for 10,000 females, the males 

 were born in wedlock, 10,597 the illegitimate, 

 only 10,310: the surplus of boys, therefore, in the 

 first case, amounted to nearly 6, and in the second 

 case to only 3-^ per cent. In the single year, 

 1836, the difference was less; for instance, in that 

 year there were, for 10,000 female children 10,622 

 males born in wedlock, and 10,494 illegitimate. 

 Whether the difference between the one surplus 

 and the other be merely an accidental fluctuation 

 or a permanent change, has not been determined. 



Prussian Commercial League. There is, perhaps, 

 no measure connected with commerce that has occa- 

 sioned so much discussion in the present day as the 

 Prusso-Bavarian league, which, under the name of 

 "Loll Vefein, has united, for the purposes of trade, 

 ;en of the otherwise independent states of Germany. 

 The arrangements for perfecting this union were 

 n progress during many years, and it came into 

 practical operation at the beginning of 1834. Pre- 

 vious to that time, the states of which the union 

 s composed, did not allow of the introduction of 

 merchandise across their respective frontiers with- 

 out the payment of a duty; and in some cases, 

 >vhere domestic industry was to be "protected," 



