26 PRODUCTS FROM WASTE RESINOUS WOODS. 



resins than average lightwood. They are therefore especially suit- 

 able for the production of wood turpentine, rosin, and rosin oils. If 

 care is taken to free them from earth, they are suitable for making 

 paper. The cost of stump wood is often decidedly higher, especially 

 in the West, than that of lightwood, because of the difficulty of 

 removing stumps from the ground. This is best done by blasting, 

 which has been found to cost approximately 5 cents a stump for long- 

 leaf pine of an average diameter of 13.6 inches. 1 Approximately 45 

 such stumps, 2 feet tall, will yield a cord of wood, which makes 

 the cost on the land approximately $2.25 a cord, which should be 

 added to the cost of lightwood delivered at the mill, to give the 

 approximate cost of stumps at the mill. The average cost of remov- 

 ing Douglas fir stumps 2 varying from 1 to 4 feet in diameter is 

 about 84 cents each in Washington State, and 9 such stumps, aver- 

 aging 3 feet in length and 2 feet in diameter, will yield a cord of 

 wood. This makes the cost of the wood piled on the land ready to 

 ship approximately $8 a cord, or possibly $10 a cord at the mill. 



In estimating the cost of removing and gathering stumps the 

 increased value of the land for agricultural purposes must be consid- 

 ered. The value of the land will in many instances, especially in 

 the South, be increased sufficiently to pay for the cost of removing 

 the stumps, and in other cases this increased valuation will greatly 

 reduce the cost of the wood at the mill. 



Paper makers will undoubtedly question the practicability of using 

 stumps for making paper because of the earth adhering to them. 

 This can be largely if not entirely removed by proper methods; and 

 as material worth even less than wood a ton is profitably purified it 

 appears reasonable to suggest that stump wood can also be profitably 

 cleaned for paper making, at least in those regions far removed from 

 the paper-making centers. 



CONCLUSIONS. 



It has been fully demonstrated, both in the laboratory and in the 

 mill, that paper of good quality can be made from pine wood. The 

 Bureau of Chemistry has called attention to this fact and to the 

 industrial opportunities in this field in two former publications. 3 



It is feasible to combine three well-developed chemical industries 

 paper making, wood distillation (in a modified form), and the manu- 

 facture of rosin oils and thus to obtain from a single raw material, 

 waste resinous wood, practically all the valuable constituents which 

 it contains. The country's sources of paper, turpentine, rosin oils, 



1 Mississippi Agr. Exp. Sta. Bui. No. 118. 



2 U. S. Dept. Agr., Bureau of Plant Industry Cir. 25. 



8 Circular 41. Papermaking Materials and their Conservation; Bulletin 144. Wood Turpentine: Its 

 Production, Refining, Properties, and Use. 



