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Post notices to prevent loading of green floors. 



Never under any circumstances remove more than 

 a very few shores until the final time for removal. 

 Taking out of shores while centering new floors, and 

 then "posting" the floors is bad practice and must not 

 be tolerated. Study your design so that this practice is 

 not necessary. 



Avoid all shock and jar to new concrete. Never 

 allow pieces of lumber of any size to fall or to be 

 thrown down upon a floor. The effect of the impact 

 of a falling body is very severe and may be very costly 

 in its results. 



FOOTINGS. 



Concrete footings for columns and piers are built 

 either in step form or with sloping of battered faces. 

 It is a very simple matter to build forms for step foot- 

 ings. Simply make a strong form for one layer at a 

 time. Run that layer and when it has sufficiently set 

 put on the form for the next and so on. The form 

 must be capable of being taken apart easily in order 

 to remove it from around the concrete. This method 

 is for layers 12 in. thick and over. 



Footings with battered faces are a different propo- 

 sition. If the footing is very shallow compared with 

 its size, build a box the size and depth of the outer 

 square faces. Then fit perhaps one board on all four 

 sides of the box pitching backwards and -upwards to- 

 ward the center, its outer edge flush with the edge of 

 the box. This will give the slope of the top faces, and 

 prevent the concrete running off the form. Fill in the 

 whole form with concrete of fair consistency to the 

 height required, simply sloping off the concrete with a 

 shovel or float. This assumes of course that the top 

 surfaces are very flat. The concrete will not run to 

 any appreciable extent if just stiff enough, especially 

 the last few barrow loads. 



However, if the faces were steep enough to make a 

 complete form necessary clear to the top of the foot- 



