56 



out the forms with a hose-stream under good pressure. 

 Steam is very good, especially in winter. 



It is good practice to first sweep the forms of all 

 loose and large objects taking care to keep away from 

 the beam boxes. Pick all blocks out of beam and 

 girder boxes with a spear; J4 in. steel rod sharpened, 

 is good. The water boy can do this. For fine shavings, 

 sawdust and dirt use the hose, and slush them into a 

 wet pile and lift out of beam with a hand trowel. 



Before starting to run concrete, check forms and 

 reinforcement carefully. See that the forms are oiled 

 or wet. Station an experienced man down below the 

 floor to watch the centering for a failure and hold him 

 responsible. In beam, girder and column bottoms, 

 start with a batch of sand cement concrete. This is a 

 precaution which will insure better work. 



Never run a beam without running the slab at the 

 same time, because the slab immediately above and 

 adjacent to the beam is figured to take the compressive 

 stresses and there must be a continuous section. 



Have a good man to receive, place and spade the 

 material. Train the laborers not to dump their cart or 

 barrow until spoken to, and at the spot designated. In 

 this way the concrete is placed systematically, and a 

 better, evencr job is secured. Never place any concrete 

 except under the supervision of responsible men to 

 insure the correct position of the steel. 



In using buckets or tram-cars, take every precaution 

 not to jar any green concrete, or the concrete of the 

 floor below. This is absolutely imperative. 



Hold a man responsible for the appearance of the 

 finished surface. Use tamps made of i-in. boards, 2 

 or 3 inches wide and put plenty of men at tamping. 



For work which must be waterproof a continuous run 

 is necessary. If it is required to stop work before the 

 run is completed, be careful to have clean joints in 

 starting work. 



