8i 



This is particularly necessary when the forms have 

 stood empty for any time. Care should be used to see 

 that the bracing and supports are tight and that the 

 joints are close. No concrete should be placed until 

 the forms have been made tight. In warm weather 

 the forms should be thoroughly wet down before 

 placing the concrete. This will prevent the dry lumber 

 extracting the water from the surface of the concrete. 



Forms. All forms must be true and out of wind 

 and rigid. If to be handled as a unit temporary brac- 

 ing must be applied to prevent their being strained in 

 handling and erection. The bracing must be such that 

 bulging cannot occur. Winds, twists and bulges im- 

 pair th'e appearance of the work and their removal 

 is often expensive. These defects can be prevented by 

 well set, properly built forms. The joints in forms 

 mi^t be tight enough to prevent the leakage of the 

 liquid mass, as such leakage causes a poor surface. 



Slab forms or centers must be arranged so that they 

 can be removed without disturbing the supports below 

 the beams. Column forms should also conform to this 

 condition. The sides of the beam forms can then be 

 (1 the false work left under the beams until 

 the heavier mass of concrete has been afforded ample 

 time to set. Bevel strips should be used in the forms 

 so that sharp corners are avoided. 



Bracing. All forms, centering, etc., must be braced 

 in at Ica-t two directions. Especial care should be 

 c that the false work is thoroughly braced 

 id any heavy wind storms, etc. 



False Work. Care should be used to see that all 



>.nd braces supporting the forms have a solid 



Roarers should be used to avoid concentrated 



r on soft material, particular care being 



taken to see that the load is so thoroughly distributed 



that there is no danger of settlement occurring. Double 



should be used under the feet of all braces and 



