COLUMNS 



183 



As soon as the yield point had been reached in the vertical steel of column 

 E2, shown above, failure occurred suddenly owing to the insufficient lateral 

 support offered by the widely separated bands. The concrete failed in the 

 same way as in some plain columns. The reinforcement, of course, buckled 

 between the 1 /4-in. ties. 



The above illustration (column J2) shows the great ductility of a column 

 reinforced with both spiral and longitudinal steel. 

 13 



