BENDING AND DIRECT STRESS 



243 



then the steel area at any given cross-section may be replaced 

 by an area of concrete equal to n times the area of the steel, 

 placed in the plane of the steel reinforcement. This section 

 may be called the transformed section, or section of concrete 



<- x, ->|< x. -: 



t 



FIG. 85. 



H 



u 



*< 



- Center of 

 gravity 



A 



-Q 



V 



d-'- 



FIG. 86. 



theoretically equivalent in resistance to the actual section. 

 Under this heading rectangular sections only will be considered 

 and Fig. 86 represents a transformed section as referred to 

 above. 



