MAN AND OTHER ANIMALS 



and that immorality is often accompanied by de- 

 light in suffering great pain. 



The sect of the Flagellants, originally a re- 

 ligious brotherhood, had to be sternly suppressed 

 because of the frenzied excesses of self-torture in 

 which its votaries delighted in public. 



In the East to-day you may see self-tortured 

 devotees, who cannot help feeling the pain which 

 they inflict upon themselves, but certainly do not 



/ f 1 s / J 



dislike it. /^^- db^'b tf~ a?^a^ f 'VW~2ty#&i&S &* 



Now, if the human conscience thus working a 

 little aside from the beaten path of thought for/ ">'.; 

 in other respects these pain-lovers may be per- 

 fectly sane and sensible can convert feelings of 

 agonizing pain into feelings of ecstatic pleasure, : 

 is it not manifest that our conscious feelings of/ 

 happiness and unhappiness are controlled by and 

 belong to our conscience, and that other animals, 

 who have no conscience to distinguish between 

 right and wrong, must have no consciousness to'*' 

 distinguish between happiness and unhappiness? ' 



This is hard to be understood because our /A* 

 language has no word to express sensibility with**^ 

 out consciousness. We know that sensitive plants 

 have no consciousness ; but as soon as we begin 

 to think of sensitive animals the idea of conscious^*^ te** 

 suffering comes at once into our minds, and we 

 cannot drive it out. That is the difficulty. 

 [13] 



