CONCLUSION 



of animals afford evidence of conscious thought, 

 because none are more " clever " than the move- 

 ments of the organs of many plants to secure 

 cross-fertilization, etc. 



9. Even those actions of higher animals which 

 do not at first sight seem to be instinctive, but 

 appear to furnish evidence of moral sense and 

 intelligent motive are found, upon examination 

 (in the preceding pages), to be instinctive and 

 unintelligent. The instances purposely selected to 

 illustrate this have been those which are usually 

 quoted by authorities as evidence of animals' 

 moral sense and reasoning power ; namely : 



a. The solitary wasp's care of its young. 



b. The care of aphides by ants. 



c. Birds' care for their young. 



d. The dog's devotion to its master. 



e. The cat's devotion to its home. 



f . The docility of the horse. 



g. The brain-power of the monkey. 



10. Thus we find that no actions performed by 

 any animals afford evidence of the power of con- 

 scious thought. On the other hand, they unques- 

 tionably demonstrate the absence of conscious 

 thought. 



11. But the actions of the very lowest types of 



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