kindred foundations which have no congressional aid. The term " National " schools of 

 science, (or scientific schools,) has been elsewhere proposed as a generic designation." 

 Either " national," " governmental," or " United States," would seem to be a suitable 

 prefix for the class of colleges and schools which are so largely indebted to the con- 

 gressional endowment. 



It is to be hoped that, by the action of the Department or by common consent of the 

 authorities of the various institutions, some designation more correct than " agricultural 

 colleges " will come into vogue. . 



OUTLINE OF THE ORGANIZATION OF THE SEVERAL INSTITUTIONS AIDED BY CONGRESS. 



The general organization of these institutions may be seen in the following state- 

 ments, which are chiefly based on the publications just referred to : 



California. After some preliminary legislation, which it is not important here to' 

 record, the State of California, by enactment dated March 23, 1808, reorganized the 

 State University, bestowing upon it, in addition to other funds, the income of the con- 

 gressional endowment now under discussion, and uniting with it, by consent of the 

 various authorities, the College of California, which had been founded some years pre- 

 vious, and had already acquired aa admirable site at Berkeley, in Oakland Township, 

 Alameda County, in the immediate neighborhood of San Francisco. 



Six colleges are now organized as departments of the university, viz : 1st, of agricul- 

 ture ; 2d, of mechanic arts ; 3d, of mines ; 4th, of civil engineering ; 5th, of letters ; 

 6th, of medicine. 



Connecticut. The scrip which fell to Connecticut was sold by the State and the pro- 

 ceeds were directed to the enlarged endowment of the scientific school of Yale College. 

 The enactments were dated June 24, 1863, and July 6, 1864. This school was com- 

 menced in 1847, and had borne for several years the name of Mr. Joseph E. Sheffield, 

 of New Haven, its munificent benefactor. It has now a convenient building, extensive 

 apparatus, and a full corps of teachers. It has no farm. The number of students and 

 the benefactions of individuals have rapidly increased since the national endowment 

 was received. Instruction is given to graduate students, under-graduates, and special 

 students. The sections most definitely organized are the following ; (a) in chemistry 

 and metallurgy ; (6) in civil engineering; (c) in mechanical or dynamic engineering; 



(d) in agriculture; (e) in natural history; (/) in studies preparatory to medical 

 studies; (g) in studies preparatory to mining; (7i) in select studies preparatory to 

 other higher pursuits, to business, &c. 



Delaware. The legislature of Delaware, by an act approved March 14, 1867, conferred 

 the benefit of this grant upon Delaware College in Newark, an institution founded 

 many years previous. 



The catalogue announces three courses : (a) classical ; (&) scientific ; (c) agricultural. 



Illinois. By enactments made in the early part of 1867 (January 25 and February 

 28) the State of Illinois provided for the foundation of an Industrial University at 

 Urbana, Champaign County. The institution was soon afterward organized and is 

 now possessed of a farm, college buildings, apparatus, and a large body of teachers 

 and scholars. It has received generous contributions from the town, county, aud State 

 in which it is located. 



The university announces five colleges, viz : (a) agriculture ; (6) mechanics and en- 

 gineering ; (c) chemistry ; (d) natural history ; (c) literature, science, and art. 



Indiana. On the 6th of March, 1865, the State of Indiana accepted the congressional 

 endowment, and created a body corporate under the name of the Trustees of the Indiana 

 Agricultural College. The institution under their charge is to be established in the 

 neighborhood of La Fayette, and has received the name of Purdue College, in recogni- 

 tion of the gifts of a citizen of La Fayette. 



Iowa. As long ago as 1858, Iowa had established a " State Agricultural College and 

 Model Farm." The congressional grant was bestowed upon this institution by enact- 

 ments dated March 24 and 29, 1866. The present plan of organization was adopted 

 November 21, 1868, and the college in its new form was opened March 17, 1869. Its 

 site is Ames, Story County. The following courses of study are announced, all studies 

 optional, viz : (a) agricultural ; (fc) horticultural ; (c) stock-breeding ; (d) nursery ; 



(e) mechanical engineering; (/) civil engineering; (g) mining engineering; (/<) 

 architecture ; (i) ladies' course ; (j) normal course. 



Kansas. In Kansas, by the acts of February 16 and March 3, 1863, the State Agricul- 

 tural College was organized. It is located in the Kansas Valley, near Manhattan, 

 Eiley County, about one hundred and fifteen miles west of Leaveuworth and eighty 

 miles west from Lawrence. The college has a farm, a building for general purposes, 

 and a boarding-house. The college offers the following courses: (a) classical; (fc) 

 agricultural and scientific ; (c) in military science and tactics ; (d) in mechanic arts 



* See the North American Review for October, 1867. 



