WHERNSIDE. PENYGHENT. 25 



numerous and beautiful caverns, and give birth to sparkling 

 waters which enliven the greenest of valleys. 



They are all easy of access from a country full of comforts ; 

 amongst which pedestrians and equestrians will not overlook the 

 establishments for feeding and resting man and horse. Yet 

 how few of those Yorkshiremen who glory in their county have 

 set foot on the rocky summit of Ingleborough ! 



The names of Whernside (anciently Quernside), and Ingle- 

 borough or Ingleburg, are usually accepted as of Teutonic origin. 

 The Quern (a German name for the hand-mill of antiquity) 

 might be cut from the millstone grit of Whernside and Quorn 

 Moor near Lancaster : Ingleburg is frequently translated ' the 

 fire or beacon mountain' : the element Ingle has no doubt the 

 signification here assigned in Scotland and the extreme north of 

 England. 



Penyghent is purely Celtic the point or head of the ascent ; 

 not, as sometimes said, the head of the winds, which would have 

 fitted Penygwynt. 



The mass of Whernside is insulated by valleys which embrace 

 it in a large circumference. The ascent is easy on the east or 

 south-east, but the fell breaks down with a stern and formidable 

 descent to the wild and secluded little dale of Dent, the birth- 

 place of our Sedgwick, who, 



long as yonder hills 



Shall lift their heads inviolate, 



will be named among the worthies of Yorkshire and honoured 

 among the most eminent geologists of the age. 



Whernside has a thick mass of millstone grit on its summit, 

 and throws out wide buttresses of the Yoredale rocks, over great 

 scars of bare limestone. In a part of these scars lying S.S.W. 

 of the summit, is the famous Cavern of Yordas, and not far 

 below it the pretty waterfall of Thornton Force. 



Lying due west of Whernside is the point called Colm or 

 Dent Crag, or County Stone (2253 N.), at the junction of York- 



