36 MOUNTAINS. 



with the level limestone beds which cover them on the north, 

 and the highly inclined portions of the same calcareous rock on 

 the south. The lowest of these limestone beds contain pebbles 

 of that older slate rock, which is thus proved to have been con- 

 solidated before the formation of the limestone. At some very 

 early period it had been thrown into great disorder; then worn 

 down by watery agitation to a nearly level surface, and in this 

 state sealed down as it were by the level beds of limestone. 

 These limestone beds contain a good series of fossils in some 

 places; and amount to 500 or 600 feet in thickness. Over 

 them rises the great mound of Ingleborough, composed of the 

 shales and limestones with some beds of sandstone, the whole 

 capped by thick beds of millstone grit. 



Saxifrages abound in this limestone district. 



PENYGHENT, no unworthy rival of Whernside and Ingle- 

 borough, sits like these great mountains on a broad floor of Scar 

 limestone, which lies level over dislocated slate rocks. Its form, 

 as seen from the Vale of the Kibble below Settle, is more suited 

 to the painter than the outline of either of its loftier neighbours. 

 Perhaps it is nowhere better seen than from some elevated points 

 which may be chosen on the limestone surfaces connected with 

 the Scars of Giggleswick and Feizer. The outline (PI. IV. f. 2.) 

 will illustrate this. The upper craggy edge seen to encircle the 

 top is formed of millstone grit ; and the main limestone makes 

 a remarkable cliff at a lower level. Low down on that side of 

 Penyghent which slopes toward the Kibble are several caves, 

 picturesque glens, and hollows in the Scar limestone. On the 

 eastern side, by the track leading to Litton, are the Giant's 

 Stones, supposed to be Danish remains. 



To climb Penyghent from Horton is a very easy undertaking ; 

 the ascent, something less than 1500 feet from Horton Bridge, 

 is laborious only in the upper part of the mountain. The*view 

 from Penyghent is extensive, but not so interesting as that from 

 Ingleborough. 



FOUNTAIN'S FELL, 2190 feet N.; Coska, 2050 feet N.; and 



