BOULSWORTH HILL. 39 



above the sea. Cowper Cross according to Nixon is 1250 feet, 

 and Bradhope near Ilkley 1248 feet ; Baildon Hill near Bingley 

 922 feet ; Otley Chevin 921 feet j the Cow and Calf Rocks above 

 Benrhydding 860 feet ; Shibden Top near Ilkley 831 feet, and 

 Rawden Billing 773 feet. 



BOULSWORTH HILL. On the summit of drainage between two 

 rivers which bear the same name, the Calder of Yorkshire and 

 the Calder of Lancashire, is a mass .of millstone grit (1689 feet 

 0. S., 1697 feet N.). Several points of nearly equal elevation 

 conduct us along the heaven-water boundary to Blackstone 

 Edge, over whose dreary rocks and heaths the old road climbed 

 from Halifax to Manchester, to descend abruptly on the west ; 

 and Stanedge, under which the Huddersfield Canal was carried by 

 a tunnel exceeding three miles in length,- the route now taken by 

 the railway. A rough seat on the coach up the slow and difficult 

 road over Stanedge, with its romantic and interesting view, was 

 more pleasing than the softest cushion on the rail. Continuing 

 on this summit to the south we reach the heavy wastes of Holme 

 Moss, perhaps the most elevated point in the south-western 

 district (1859 feet 0. S.), and afterwards the more marked 

 though less elevated forms of Bullstones, Haystones and Der- 

 went Edge, which overhang with wild rock edges the eastern 

 branch of the beautiful river of Derbyshire. 



NORTH-EASTERN DISTRICT. The oolitic formation which 

 constitutes the elevated part of the north-east of Yorkshire, is 

 cut across from west to east by the dale of the Esk, and by 

 a hollow extending from Coxwold and Byland, by Gilling, to 

 Stonegrave, along which the Thirsk and Malton Railway finds 

 an easy passage. 



The hills and cliffs north of the Esk consist of lias (including 

 the Ironstone series), capped by sandstones, representative of 

 the Lower Oolites. The whole country slopes to the eastward, 

 but with much irregularity, from the detached peak of Rosebury 

 Topping (1022 feet O.S.), and the continuous ranges of Guis- 

 borough Moors. The highest cliff formed against the sea is at 



