100 RIVERS. 



also give birth to the Etherow, a picturesque stream of Cheshire, 

 and the Wrongsley, a branch of the Derbyshire Derwent ; and 

 under them the railway is carried from the Dun at Dunford 

 Bridge to the Etherow at Woodhead. A little to the north is 

 the most elevated point of this district, Holme Moss (1859 feet 

 O.S.). The most picturesque aspect of these hills is to the 

 west; the upper parts of the valley of the Dun are dreary 

 enough, nor till we pass Penistone is the barrenness of the sur- 

 face much relieved. There, however, the features of the ground 

 are more favourable, the left bank becomes bold, near Thurgo- 

 land rocky, and under Wharncliffe, a rich and ancient wood, 

 formerly haunted by the Dragon of Wantley, whatever that 

 may have been. Whoever loves an oak forest, skirting broad 

 and mighty hills, over a deep glen and rapid river, should linger 

 an hour at Wharncliffe Lodge, built by the good knight of 

 Wortley to hear e the hartys bell/ and be soothed by the mur- 

 murs of the Dun. 



This woodland character of the Dun is still remarkable in 

 many parts of its course, and on some of its branches above 

 Sheffield it is a source of great beauty, as on the Sheaf, toward 

 Beauchief and Dore Abbey. Formerly the hill-sides on the 

 south of Sheffield, round the castle and manor where the Queen 

 of Scots was confined, were thickly clothed with forest trees ; 

 and much of the neighbouring country, especially on the north 

 side of the valley, remains in a state to illustrate and justify the 

 opening scenes of ' Ivanhoe.' 



As examples, the wide regions of Wentworth and Tankersley ; 

 of Silkstone, Bretton, Wolley, and Barnsley, may be quoted ; oak 

 being the prevalent and self-sown tree on this argillaceous and 

 gritstone soil, as the ash is indigenous on the limestone. 



"Before the Dun reaches Rotherham it passes by Temple- 

 borouyh, a fair Roman camp, the north-east worn away by the 

 river, the area, about 200 paces by 120, the ditch 37 paces deep 

 from the middle of the vallum to the bottom. The outer bank 

 is covered by large trees, and on the side of the road was a bark- 



