BRIDLINGTON. 125 



of the mammoth. Skipsea Brough is probably an ' escar ' 

 which has been scarped and moulded by Norman or earlier than 

 Norman art ; just as a gravel-heap at Bainbridge in Wensley- 

 dale has been squared to form a small Roman camp. Hamilton 

 Brough may belong to the same class. 



Among the few events which enliven the coast of Holderness 

 may be counted the stranding of whales. The possessor of 

 Burton Constable, the Lord Paramount (representing the Comes 

 Littoris of late Roman date) of Holderness, claims such spoils 

 of the sea, and in one instance a fine spermaceti whale (Physeter 

 macrocephalus) was carried off to the Hall, where its huge ske- 

 leton remains. A small whale of a different species (Balcena 

 boops) came on shore during one of my visits to Holderness, and 

 the hospitable owner of Rooss assisted in the dissection, and 

 afterwards presented the skeleton to the Yorkshire Museum. 



At BRIDLINGTON QUAY, the outpouring of the little stream 

 fed by the irregular springs in the valley of the e Gypseys/ gives 

 occasion to the formation of a tide harbour. "Within its small 

 area is an artesian spring, opened by Mr. Milne in 1811 by 

 boring through the boulder-clay 28 feet, and chalk and flint- 

 gravel 15 feet, to the chalk which gave forth the water. The 

 tide acts upon this spring, so that during the flow it rises, and 

 during the ebb it sinks. It is now collected in a reservoir. A 

 little north of the harbour a chalybeate spring issues from the 

 cliff. 



Two freshwater deposits lie on the cliffs near Bridlington 

 Quay : one immediately south of the harbour yields freshwater 

 shells ; the other, north of the harbour, displays a good thick- 

 ness of white chalky sediment mixed with vegetable matters. A 

 few siliceous parts of confervaceous plants reward the micro- 

 scopist. 



The waste of the cliffs, and the southward drift of their ruins, 

 are not less striking at Bridlington than elsewhere on this vanish- 

 ing line of coast. In winter and still more in early spring, 

 masses of the clay, gravel and sand, south of Bridlington, fall 



