BRIDGES AND CULVERTS. 41 



mended for the ensuing year; the average annual cost of such 

 repairs; the total cost of the structure upon which repairs are 

 recommended, and also the total cost and annual interest upon 

 permanent structures when such structures are recommended. 

 All changes, additions or expensive renewals of bridges, cul- 

 verts or other important structures, shall be made only upon 

 the properly approved plans and estimates of the chief engi- 

 neer, who will make contracts for and superintend the work. 



INSTRUCTIONS TO INSPECTORS. 



Note books of inspection must be filled out at the structure 

 after a careful examination has been made of each of the 

 points itemized in the blanks, using, in cases where there are 

 a number of spans in which defects are observed, a properly 

 noted column for each span. When the spans are all in good 

 condition, one column only need be used, but the number of 

 spans should be noted. 



Designate the separate spans of a bridge by numbering 

 them in the direction of the bridge numbers on the division, 

 and the separate bents or piers in same manner, commencing 

 with abutment, bank-bent or sill as number one. Designate 

 the truss as the right or left, locating points on it by number- 

 ing the panels in the same direction as the spans are num- 

 bered. 



When wooden structures are four years old, such members 

 as by their position are particularly liable to decay must be 

 tested by boring, the holes to be plugged up as soon as the 

 Inspection is completed. 



When making the regular inspections the inspectors will 

 take a statement of the results of the last examination rela- 

 tive to such structures as required attention at that time, and 

 in reporting on these structures, special notes must be made 

 as to whether the repairs and recommendations of the pre- 

 vious examinations have been fully carried out or not, and 

 whether the work is in accordance with the standard plans. 



INSTRUCTIONS REGARDING INSPECTION REPORTS. 



(Numbers and directions in these instructions correspond 

 urith numbers and abbreviations on report blanks.) 



1. Does waterway require straightening, cleaning out or 



